水体扰动对多种赤潮藻生长的影响  

Effects of turbulence on phytoplankton: species differences

作　　者：李冬梅[1,2] 高永利[1] 田甜[1,2] 劉骏豪 殷克东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]香港科技大学,中国香港

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2010年第6期65-70,共6页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：中国科学院南海海洋研究所青年基金项目(SQ200815),中国科学院、国家外国专家局创新团队国际合作伙伴计划(KZCX2-YW-T001);国家自然科学基金项目(40676074、40125016)

摘　　要：水体扰动是海洋环境的一个重要特征。扰动通过对藻细胞周围的营养盐边界层厚度的影响,进而影响藻细胞的生长。在其他环境因子统一的条件下,通过室内实验研究扰动条件为主要影响因素对藻类生长的影响。研究结果发现扰动对中肋骨条藻、具齿原甲藻等10个藻种生长存在不同影响,实验数据显示,100r.min-1扰动对新月菱形藻Nitzschia closterium,中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum、具齿原甲藻Prorocentrum dentatum、针胞藻Fibrocapsa japonica、棕囊藻Phaeocystis spp.、定鞭金藻Prymnesium patelliferium有显著作用(P<0.05),对赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo、亚心形扁藻Platymonas subcordiformis、青岛大扁藻Platymonas helgolandica var Tsingtaoensis、塔胞藻Pyramimonas sp.、Pyramidomonas作用不明显(P>0.05)。扰动促进了棕囊藻和定鞭金藻的生长,使之达到最大生物量,并延长了藻细胞的生长时间;同时100r.min-1扰动抑制了新月菱形藻,中肋骨条藻、具齿原甲藻、针胞藻的生长。这些不同的藻类对水体扰动有不同生长反应,结果表明水体扰动是藻类种间竞争的的选择推动力之一。Turbulence is common in marine waters.Turbulence can affect the thickness of micro-boundary layer surrounding an algal cell,and therefore affects the gradient of nutrients across the micro-boundary layer.The gradient would determine uptake of nutrients,and hence the growth rate.Ten algal species were studied,including Nitzschia closterium,Skeletonema costatum,Prorocentrum dentatum,Fibrocapsa japonica,Heterosigma akashiwo,Platymonas subcordiformis,Platymonas helgolandica var Tsingtaoensis,Pyramimonas sp.Pyramidomonas,Phaeocystis spp,and Prymnesium patelliferium.It is found that the growth rates of those species were significantly influenced by 100r·min-1 stirring（P0.05）.Little effect was found in green algae growth.The 100r·min-1 stirring enhanced the growth of Phaeocystis spp and Prymnesium patelliferium,stimulated these species to reach a higher maximum biomass than under no-stirring condition,and prolonged the growth time of algae before reaching the maximum.The 100r·min-1 turbulence reduced the growth of Nitzschia closterium,Skeletonema costatum,Prorocentrum dentatum,and Fibrocapsa japonica.Different algae have different responses to turbulence,and it is believed that turbulence is an important factor in phytoplankton interspecies competition.

关 键 词：扰动 藻 生长率 最大生物量 

分 类 号：P745[天文地球—海洋生物学] Q178.11[天文地球—海洋科学]