基于小波包分解的多尺度互相关管道定位方法  

A Location Method for Pipeline Based on Wavelet Packet Decomposition with Multi-Scale Cross-Correlation Analysis

作　　者：张景川[1] 曾周末[1] 张兆伟[1] 程向丽[1] 张溪默[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术与仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《纳米技术与精密工程》2011年第2期162-167,共6页Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(60534050);教育部博士点基金资助项目(200800560020)

摘　　要：针对直接互相关时延估计法定位管道故障点存在定位精度差的问题,提出了基于小波包分解的多尺度互相关时延估计方法用于管道故障点定位.首先对2路光电检测器采集到的管道沿线振动信号进行小波包分解和重构得到不同尺度数据,然后对2路信号的同一尺度数据做互相关运算,利用互相关时差定位和加权平均原理计算故障点位置,抑制了噪声引起的时延估计误差.现场实验数据表明,本文方法平均定位误差小于150 m,相对误差小于0.4%,最大定位误差不超过±400 m,定位均方差小于0.05,相对于传统直接互相关时延估计法,此方法可进一步降低时延估计的平均误差和均方差,显著提高定位精度和一致性.In order to solve the problem of low location precision with direct cross-correlation algorithm for time delay estimation,a multi-scale cross-correlation algorithm for time delay estimation based on wavelet packet decomposition was proposed for location of petroleum pipeline abnormal vibration events.The detection signals of abnormal events collected by the two photodetectors were made multi-scale analysis with wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction methods.Then the sub signals in different frequency bands were analyzed with cross-correlation method for time delay estimation.Finally,the pipeline fault position was determined via the cross-correlation time differences of arrival localization method combined with weighted average method.Field experimental results show that the average location error of the proposed method is less than 150 m,the relative error is less than 0.4%,the maximum location error is less than ±400 m,and the mean square deviation is less than 0.05.Compared with the conventional direct cross-correlation algorithm,the proposed method has strong anti-noise ability and can decrease the average error and mean square deviation of location results and significantly raise location accuracy and consistency.

关 键 词：油气管道 分布式光纤传感器 小波包分解 多尺度分析 时延估计 

分 类 号：TE973.6[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]