陕西省近50年地貌灾害的时空分布  

Study on Spatiotemporal Distribution of Geomorphologic Disasters in Shaanxi Province during the period 1951-2000

作　　者：史兴民[1] 陈玲侠[2] 张瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]咸阳师范学院资源环境与城市科学系,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第2期349-354,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(GK201002017)资助

摘　　要：通过对陕西省1951-2000年地貌灾害的统计分析,结果表明:该区域地貌灾害以滑坡、崩塌和泥石流为主。地貌灾害主要发生在每年6～10月的降雨时期,在1981年以后灾害发生次数呈迅速增加趋势。地貌灾害在空间上分异明显,其中关中平原主要灾害为滑坡,崩塌和泥石流相对较少;陕北黄土高原是滑坡和崩塌的发育区,尤其是榆林市和延安市,这类地貌灾害危害较重;陕南秦巴山区是全省地貌灾害的重灾区,并且灾害类型多样,尤其是安康市。采用灰色关联分析法综合评价陕西省各县区地貌灾害危险程度,得出陕西省共有高危险区7个、较高危险区27个、中等危险区31个、较低危险区33个、低危险区9个。This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of geomorphologic disasters including landslide,collapse and debris flow in Shaanxi Province by using the principle and methods of GIS and EXCEL.The intensity grades of the disastrous geomorphologic events resulting in the slight,moderate and severe losses were classified based on the historical geomorphologic disaster data recorded during the period 1951-2000.The results show that geomorphologic disasters in Shaanxi Province included mainly landslide,collapse and debris flow,and they occupied about 90% of the total geomorphologic disaster events.The geomorphologic events resulting in the slight losses and moderate losses accounted for 59% of the total.Temporally,geomorphologic disasters occurred mainly in rainy season from June to October,and after 1981,a rapid increase trend of geomorphologic events appeared.There was a distinctive difference of spatial distribution of geomorphologic disasters.Landslides were the dominant geomorphologic disasters in the Guanzhong Plain,and the occurring frequency of debris flows and collapses was relatively low;the Loess Plateau in north Shaanxi was a region where landslide and collapse disasters occur frequently,especially in Yulin City and Yan＇an City.Qinba Mountain in south Shaanxi was a region where geomorphologic disasters with many types occurred frequently,especially in Ankang City.Grey correlation analysis was used to assess comprehensively the disaster risk in the province,and 7 highest-risk areas,27 higher-risk areas,31 medium-risk areas,37 low-risk areas and 9 lowest-risk areas were divided in Shaanxi Province.

关 键 词：地貌灾害 时空分布 危险性评价 滑坡 崩塌 泥石流 陕西 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]