黄河下游河道整治与平衡输沙  

River Training and Equilibrium Sediment Transport of the Lower Yellow River

作　　者：彭瑞善[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《人民黄河》2011年第3期3-7,143,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：中国水科院科研专项(泥集0820)

摘　　要：提高河道输沙能力的基本途径是减少河床的阻力损失,且有与流量相适应的河湾曲率半径、窄深河槽和平整连续的护湾工程,以及各河湾之间流势的衔接配合,这将有利于稳定主槽和平衡输沙。比降是影响输沙能力的重要因素,黄河高村以下河道特别是艾山以下河道比降大幅度减小,必须相应缩窄河宽,才能达到与上游河段输沙能力一致。修建潜水丁坝,可减轻艾山以下小比降河段在非汛期的淤积。黄河水流的挟沙能力不仅与水力因素和泥沙粒径有关,而且随含沙量的增大而增大,具有多值关系和隐函数特性。The basic way of increasing the channel capacity of sediment transport is to reduce the resistance loss of river bed.It will be favorable to the stability of main channel and equilibrium sediment transport,in addition to the radius of curvature in a river bend which suits to discharge,narrow and deep channel,smooth and continuous bend protection works and the joins of flow regime between each bend.Slope is an important factor to affect the capacity of sediment transport.The slope of the Yellow River channel downstream of Gaocun,especially downstream Aishan reduces greatly.Only the river width is narrowed correspondingly can reach the same capacity of sediment transport of the upper stream.Building submerged groins can reduce the sedimentation of small-slope section downstream Aishan during non-flood season.The sediment carrying capacity of the Yellow River flow is not only related with hydraulic factors and sediment grain size,but also increased with the increase of sediment concentration,having multi-valued relationship and the characteristics of implicit function.

关 键 词：平衡输沙 河道整治 河湾曲率半径 比降 阻力损失 挟沙能力 含沙量 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV86