截除子叶和不饱满种子对花生幼苗生长发育的影响  

Effect of different cotyledon cut-off and unfilled seed on the growth and development of peanut seedling

作　　者：陈丹 庄伟建[2] 蔡来龙[2] 吴秀莲 郑伸坤[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省种子公司,福建福州350003 [2]福建农业大学

出　　处：《福建农业学报》1999年第4期16-19,共4页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为探讨花生种子饱满度(或成熟度)和种子大小与其侧枝生长的关系,观察了饱满种子不等量截除子叶和不同饱满度种子对幼苗生长发育的影响。试验结果表明,花生出土子叶截除量的多少对苗期第一对侧枝出生影响不大,而对第二对侧枝的出生影响较大。随着子叶截除量的增加,六叶期的分枝数,八叶期的株高、第一、第二对侧枝长及单株生物重等逐渐递减。不饱满种子第一、第二对侧枝出生均慢,植株矮小,株高、分枝数、侧枝长度及生物重均明显低于饱满种子。研究指出,花生第一对侧枝的正常出生与否,主要与种子饱满度(或成熟度)有关,而第二对侧枝是否按期出生则主要与六叶期之前植株的营养生长状况有关,取决于种子大小及贮藏物质的含量。说明花生子叶大小及成熟度与幼苗素质有密切关系。The effect of different cotyledon cut\|off and seed fullness(or maturity) on the growth and development of peanut seedlings were observed in the paper.The results showed as follow.The amound of the cotyledon cut\|off at the time when cotyledon emerged from soil after sowing did not affect the formation of the first pair of primary branches, but it greatly affected the formation of the second pair of primary branches.With the increasing amound of cotyledon cut\|off, the number of branches,the plant height of eight leave stage,the length of the first and the second pair of the primary branches and the single plant biomass were all decreased.However,the growth of both the first and the second pair of the primary branches was slow with low\|fulness seeds.The plants were thin and small, the plant height, the number of branches,the length of branches and the biomass all were significantly lower than those of fulness seeds.It was suggested that whether the first pair of branches appeared nomarly or not are correlative with seed fulness, while the appearence of the second pair of branches in time or not were based on the vegetative growth condition before six leaves, which depended on the size of seeds and amound of storage substances.So, it was showed that seed size and maturity had close relation to seedling quality.

关 键 词：花生 种子 成熟度 截除子叶 生长发育 

分 类 号：S565.201[农业科学—作物学]