网球技能学习中类比学习与外显学习协同效应的实验研究  

Synergistic Effects of Analogical and Explicit Learning in Tennis Skill Learning

作　　者：于志华[1] 章建成[2] 黄银华[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育学院学院办公室,上海200438 [3]中南民族大学体育学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2011年第2期7-11,40,共6页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：上海市重点学科(第3期)建设资助项目(S30802);上海体育学院研究生教育创新基金资助项目(yjscx2009b23)

摘　　要：采用实验法,探讨大学生网球初学者在学习正手击球时类比学习与外显学习的协同效应。受试被随机分为外显学习组、类比学习组、类比与外显学习结合组,以击球准确性、动作评分和动作知识知晓数量为指标,对3组受试进行评价。结果显示:在保持测试中,外显与类比学习结合组的击球准确性和动作评分好于类比学习组和外显学习组;在迁移测试中,外显与类比学习结合组和类比学习组的击球准确性和动作评分好于外显学习组;在知晓动作知识的评价中,类比与外显学习结合组习得的动作知识数量多于类比学习组和外显学习组,而外显学习组多于类比学习组。Using the experimental method, the present paper explored the synergistic effect of analogical and explicit learning among university tennis beginners in their forehand strokes. The subjects were randomly assigned into the explicit learning group, the analogical learning group and the synergistic group of explicit- analogical learning and each group were assessed according to the indexes of striking accuracy, movement assessment and acquired quantity of explicit knowledge. The results revealed that in the retention test, the striking accuracy and movement assessment in the synergistic group are better than those in the other two groups ; in the transfer test, the striking accuracy and movement performance in the synergistic group are better than those of the explicit learning group; in the assessment of acquired explicit knowledge, the acquired quantity of explicit knowledge by the synergistic group is more than the other two groups, while the explicit learning group has obtained more explicit knowledge than the analogical learning group.

关 键 词：网球项目 运动技能 类比学习 外显学习 协同效应 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]