小桐子果壳提取物杀虫活性的生物测定  

Bioassay on insecticidal activity of extracts from Jatropha curcas seedcase

作　　者：李育川[1,2] 郭巧生[2] 王定康[1] 张学海[2] 郭菲[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明学院,昆明650214 [2]南京农业大学中药材研究所,南京210095

出　　处：《广西植物》2011年第1期129-133,共5页Guihaia

摘　　要：以水、乙醇、正丁醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿和石油醚为溶剂,采用冷浸法对小桐子果壳进行粗提,并分别测定各粗提物对豌豆长管蚜和菜青虫的毒力,从中筛选出毒力最强的粗提物进一步对菜青虫进行作用方式的测定。6种溶剂粗提物对豌豆长管蚜和菜青虫的毒力测试结果表明:三氯甲烷提取物和乙醇提取物的活性显著高于其它溶剂提取物,且两种提取物对豌豆长管蚜的毒力与70%吡虫啉均无显著差异,证明小桐子果壳含有丰富的杀虫活性物质,其所含的杀虫活性物质可采用乙醇和三氯甲烷冷浸提取;乙醇提取物对菜青虫主要是拒食作用,而三氯甲烷提取物则既有拒食作用,又有触杀作用。利用小桐子果壳开发植物源农药前景广阔。Crude extracts from seedcase of Jatropha curcas were obtained using water,ethanol,butanol,ethyl acetate,chloroform and petroleum ether by cold extracting method,and toxicity of each crude extract against Acyrthosiphon pisum and Pieris rapae was studied.Then the strongest of them was chosen to measure using 4 age of P.rapae by leaf dipping method and pest dropping application.The results showed that in the test of the six crude extracts against A.pisum and P.rapae,the toxicity of chloroform and ethanol crude extracts were obviously higher than that of the others.They had no obvious difference comparing to 70% imidacloprid when the toxicity effect A.pisum.It＇s found that the seedcase of Jatropha curcas contained rich insecticidal activity substance,they were extracted by chloroform and ethanol with cold extracting method.Furthermore,the main effect of ethanol extract was antifeedant on Pieris rapaeand the effect of chloroform extract was not only antifeedant but also contact action.It was a good future to develop botanical pesticides for seedcase of Jatropha curcas.

关 键 词：小桐子果壳 提取物 杀虫活性测定 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]