苏南丘陵森林枯落物含水量及其影响因素分析  

Forest Litter Containing Moisture and Water Storage and Associated Influencing Factors in Rolling Hill Areas of Southern Jiangsu Province

作　　者：张增信[1] 闵俊杰[1] 闫少锋[1] 姜志林[1] 张军 张菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学江苏省林业生态工程重点试验室,江苏南京210037 [2]南京市气象局,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第1期6-10,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"长江流域极端干湿气候事件时空变化及其对水资源影响"(40801015);北京城市气象研究基金(IUM200802);国家林业局公益性项目(200804006)

摘　　要：森林枯落物是保障森林充分发挥涵养水源功能的一个极其重要的水文层次,具有明显的蓄水、保水作用。通过分析苏南丘陵地区的主要森林类型枯落物含水率、蓄水量及其与土壤含水率和气象因子之间的关系,结果发现,苏南丘陵地区枯落物含水率由大到小依次为:常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、火炬松林、毛竹林;蓄水量由大到小则为:落叶阔叶林、常绿阔叶林、火炬松林、毛竹林。降水和蒸发等气象要素对枯落物含水率有重要影响,一次连续降水会显著增加枯落物含水率,但存在1～5d的滞后;蒸发量与枯落物含水率呈显著负相关,平均蒸发量与落叶阔叶林、常绿阔叶林、火炬松林和毛竹林枯落物含水率有明显负相关。落叶林(落叶阔叶林、毛竹林)枯落物蓄水量受土壤含水率的影响要比常绿林(火炬松林、常绿阔叶林)大,而同一种林分枯落物蓄水量与该林分表层(10cm土层)含水率的相关系数高于次表层(20cm土层)与枯落物蓄水量的关系。Forest litter,which has a high water storage and retention capacity,is an extremely important hydrological component for sustaining water conservation function of the forests.The variations of forest litter containing moisture（FLCM） and forest litter water storage（FLWS） were analyzed in Southern Jiangsu Province,associating with influencing factors such as soil water contents and meteorological parameters.The results show that evergreen broad-leaved,deciduous broad-leaved,pine（Pinus taeda L.）,and bamboo forests had FLCM values from high to low,respectively,and similarly,deciduous broad-leaved,evergreen broad-leaved,pine,and bamboo forests had high to low FLWS values.Precipitation had an obvious impact on FLWS,as well as evaporation.The increase of FLCM resulted from precipitation normally had a time lag of 1 to 5 days.Evaporation correlated negatively with FLCM,with correlation coefficients of-0.39,-0.38,-0.13 and-0.32 for deciduous broad-leaved,evergreen broad-leaved,pine,and bamboo forests,respectively.FLWSS of deciduous forests（deciduous broad-leaved and bamboo） are affected by soil moisture contents more significantly than those of evergreen forests（pine and evergreen broad-leaved）.FLWSS correlated with soil water contents of 10 cm more closely than those of 20 cm.

关 键 词：森林枯落物 蓄水量 含水率 气象因子 土壤含水量 

分 类 号：S782[农业科学—木材科学与技术]