青海湖北沙柳河镇土壤水分特征与植被建设  

Soil Moisture and Vegetation Construction at Shaliuhe Town in Northern Qinghai Lake

作　　者：赵景波[1,2] 曹军骥[2] 侯雨乐[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710075 [3]阿坝师范高等专科学校,四川成都611741

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第1期180-185,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"青海湖流域生态和环境监测与评估技术"(2007BAC30B01)

摘　　要：根据土壤含水量测定和粒度分析,研究了青海湖北沙柳河镇土壤水环境和适于发展的植被。结果表明,青海湖北沙柳河地区土壤粒度成分均为以粗粉砂为主的粉砂土。在2009丰水年该区土壤上部含水量丰富,油菜地重力水可达1.3m,草地重力水分布深度达到了0.5m左右。该区不同植被的土壤含水量差异明显,但都随着深度增加呈降低的趋势。沙柳河地区多数草地土壤0.8m左右深度以下土壤含水量在5%～11%,发育了轻度干层和中度干层,表明该区土壤水分不够充足,而且处于负平衡状态,指示该区不适于植树造林。由于沙柳河地区土壤干层发育广泛,为防止入湖水位的下降,应以发展耐旱牧草以及其它耗水量少的作物为主,控制耗水多的油菜种植面积,限制入湖河流水资源的开发利用。Based on grain size analysis and soil moisture determination,soil moisture environment,causes of steppe degeneration,and vegetation suitable to developing were investigated at Shaliuhe Town in northern Qinghaihu Lake.The results show that the soil in the studied area is mainly composed of coarse silt.Soil moisture was rich in 2009 as a rainy year,and the seeping depth of gravity water reached 1.3 m in the rape land and about 0.5 m in the grass land,respectively.Soil moisture contents differed for various vegetation types,but decreased consistently with the depth.Soil moisture contents 0.8 m under the surface ranged from 8% to 11% for the majority of the grass lands,developing a weakly or moderately dried soil layer.This indicated insufficient soil moisture conditions and imbalanced water budgets,implying afforestation might not be suitable for this area.As dried soil layers extensively developed,drought-resistant grasses and other crops that consume less water are more desirable,in order to prevent water level recession of the lake.The cultivation area of water consuming plants like rape should be limited,and the exploitation of water resources from the rivers into Qinghai Lake should be well controlled.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 土壤干层 水分平衡 丰水年 粒度成分 青海湖北部 

分 类 号：P941.75[天文地球—自然地理学]