克拉玛依原油中活性组分的分离与分析  

SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF INTERFACE ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN KARAMAY CRUDE OIL

作　　者：李晓波[1] 李之平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆化学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《油田化学》1999年第4期333-335,340,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家攀登计划(B)"复合驱强化采油重大基础理论研究" 资助!( 项目编号8533) 项目

摘　　要：用碱醇液萃取法从克拉玛依原油中分离出了界面活性组分并进行了元素分析，通过硅胶柱层析按极性大小将该活性组分分成了５ 个级分，对５ 个级分进行了红外光谱分析，发现其主要成分是石油酸。用旋转滴法测定了该活性组分及其５ 个级分与碱水间的界面张力，结果表明其中的含氮化合物及石油酸具有较高的界面活性，可以使原油与ＮａＯＨ水溶液的界面张力降至１０－ ２ ｍ Ｎ／ｍ 。The interface active substances (ITFs) of Karamay crude oil are obtained by extraction with NaOH/ethanol mixture and their basic elementary composition is determined. These ITFs are separated into five fractions of increasing polarity by using silica gel column chromatography. The FT IR data show that the ITFs are composed mostly of petroleum acids(fraction C) and some nitrogen containing compounds(fraction D). The lowest interfacial tensions(10 -2 mN/m) are observed between 1.5% toluene solutions of fractions C and D as oil phase and 0.5% NaOH solution as aqueous phase.

关 键 词：活性组分 分离 原油 注碱水 驱油 

分 类 号：TE622.15[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TE357.46