生物砂滤池处理生活污水的研究  

Experimental study on wastewater treatment by biological sand filter

作　　者：宁宇[1] 李义连[1] 陈华清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2011年第2期60-64,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：湖北省重大科技攻关项目(No.2006AA305A01)

摘　　要：选取不同粒径的河砂及填料厚度构筑生物砂滤池,研究生活污水主要污染组分的去除规律。结果表明：（1）COD的去除主要发生在生物砂滤池的中上部,在距填料顶部1.1 m处,COD已降到较低的水平,实验第1、3、7天COD分别为67.07、52.63、74.67 mg/L,COD去除率分别达到64.98%、69.05%及68.12%;填料粒径对COD去除效果的影响不明显。（2）实验初期,填料粒径对NH4＋-N的去除效果的影响不明显,实验第1天混砂、粗砂生物砂滤池对NH4＋-N的去除率分别为26.91%、21.28%,差异较小;实验中后期,填料粒径的影响日益显著,其中混砂生物砂滤池运行第8天出水NH4＋-N为3.36 mg/L,粗砂生物砂滤池运行第16天出水NH4＋-N为2.47 mg/L。（3）生物砂滤池在实验中前期对TP的去除效果较好,去除率最高可达到95%以上,混砂生物砂滤池对TP的去除效果略好于细砂生物砂滤池。（4）有机质主要累积在距填料顶部0~0.2 m处,由上至下总体逐步降低,其中细砂生物砂滤池0.2~0.5 m处有机质较低,在大于0.5 m处有机质略微上升,且其有机质相对于粗砂更高。Series of biological sand filter were constructed by river sand of different grain diameters.The obtained filters were applied for the treatment of domestic sewage,and the removal rules of main pollutants were investigated.The results showed that most of COD was removed in the in the middle and upper part of the filter,the removal rate of COD at 1.1 m depth was about 70%.The diameter of river sand had little influence on COD removal,while its influence on ammonia nitrogen removal.The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in mixed river sand and coarse sand was only 26.91% and 21.28% on the first day,respectively.In the middle and late stage,the diameter of river sand plays an increasingly important role,the effluent concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 3.36 mg/L after 8 days in mixed river sand filter and 2.47 mg/L after 16 days in coarse sand filter,respectively.During the preliminary stage,the biological sand filter presented perfect performance on TP removal with the removal rate of more than 95%.However,the removal rate decreased continuously as the phosphorus adsorption of river sand reached saturation state gradually.Finally,the phosphorus accumulated at the bottom of filter and then discharged from the filter.The organic matters were mainly accumulated at upper of biological sand filter（0-0.2 m）.In fine sand filter,he content of organic matters was lowest at depth of 0.2-0.5 m and increased slightly below 0.5 m.

关 键 词：生物砂滤池 粒径 填料厚度 去除规律 

分 类 号：TU991.24[建筑科学—市政工程]