蒙特卡洛方法计算两区域火灾中的热辐射  

Application of the Monte-Carlo method to heat radiation calculations in a two-zone fire model

作　　者：季经纬[1] 郝耀华[1] 王玉娥[1] 李金鸽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2011年第2期179-184,共6页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50406026);中国矿业大学科技基金项目

摘　　要：为丰富两区域火灾模拟中的热辐射计算的应用,将蒙特卡洛方法与火灾两区域模拟的基本原理相结合,改进了两区域火灾模型.该模型可计算火灾场景中的烟气、顶棚、火焰、墙壁和可燃物之间的辐射换热.通过模拟同一个单室火灾的实验场景,对比了本模型与CFAST模拟及实验测量的结果.计算结果表明,烟气层温度曲线的变化趋势相同,改进模型的烟气层温度最大值与CFAST计算结果的相对误差为1.70%,与实验测量结果误差为0.67%,证明蒙特卡洛方法对火灾两区域模型的成功改进.同时,采用蒙特卡洛法的两区域模型避免了复杂火灾场景中辐射角系数求解的困难,可方便地求解出火场内任意辐射面发射和接受到的热辐射能量.The Monte-Carlo method,combined with the basic principles of fire zone modeling,was applied to a two-zone fire model.This improved the model and enhanced its application to heat radiation calculations.The improved model can calculate radiative heat exchange between the smoke,the ceiling,the flame,and the walls.Simulated results were compared to both CFAST and single room fire test data.It was shown that the smoke layer temperatures changed following similar trends.The relative error in the maximum smoke temperature calculated with the improved model is 1.70% compared to CFAST data.It is 0.67% compared to the experimental data.These results indicate that the Monte-Carlo method can be used with a two-zone fire model to improve the estimation of heat radiation.The Monte-Carlo two-zone fire model also avoids difficulties from the complex calculations of view factors and makes it easier to calculate the radiative energy emitted,or received,by any surface in the fire room.

关 键 词：蒙特卡洛方法 两区域火灾模型 热辐射 

分 类 号：TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]