空军飞行员颈肌强度的研究  

Research on cervical muscle strength in air force pilots

作　　者：成海平[1] 李交杰[2] 季思菊[2] 王致洁[1] 刘宝善[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所生物力学实验室,北京100142 [2]空军杭州疗养院,杭州310013

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2011年第1期34-38,共5页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

摘　　要：目的研究空军飞行员颈部各肌群的强度及其在航空动力环境中的意义。方法采用CME-1飞行员颈肌训练器对149名空军飞行员颈部前、后、左、右肌群进行等长测试。每一个方向测量10次,10次中最大峰值作为该侧肌群的强度;计算每侧10次测试的峰值均值与肌群强度比值,反映飞行员的耐力。结果空军飞行员前、后、左、右各肌群的强度分别为(132.0±42.2)N、(205.2±82.2)N、(174.3±76.4)N和(191.2±78.3)N,前屈和后伸肌群分别与其他肌群比较有显著性差异(P<0.001),左、右侧屈肌群之间的比较亦有显著性差异(P<0.001),前屈肌群强度最小,后伸肌群强度最大,左右侧肌群强度居中,且右侧肌强度大于左侧。前、后、左、右各肌群反复测试10次的各次最大肌力均值与肌强度之比分别为74.24%、72.86%、72.75%和68.72%。结论为了充分发挥高性能战斗机的机动性能,最大限度地减少加速度导致的飞行员颈部损伤,应鼓励空军飞行员在地面进行颈肌强度训练,并掌握好飞行过程中头部控制技术。Objective To evaluate neck muscular strength（NMS） of the air force pilots and its role in the circum-stance of aerial dynamics.Method The tests were performed by using CME-1 Neck Muscle Training Machine with 149 pilots volunteered as test subjects.Each individual’s maximal isometric NMS was evaluated in the ex-tension,flexion,left and right lateral bending directions within a single day.The NMS in each direction was tested for 10 times to choose the maximal peak value in each direction as the NMS for data analysis.The mean of over-all peak value in each direction was calculated as the mean neck muscular strength（MNMS）.The ratio（r） be-tween MNMS and NMS was calculated to reflect the neck muscular endurance in pilots.Results The NMS in the flexion,extension,and left and right lateral bending directions was（132.0 ± 42.2） N,（205.2 ± 82.2） N,（174.3 ±76.4）N and（191.2 ±78.3）N respectively,the NMS in the extension or flexion direction was significantly different（P 0.001） compared with NMS in all the other directions,and the right NMS was significantly higher than the left NMS（P 0.001）.The ratios between MNMS and NMS in the flexion,extension and left and right lateral bending directions were 74.24%,72.86%,72.75% and 68.72% respectively.Conclusions To Maximize the efficiency in flight performance and minimize neck injuries induced by ＋ Gz,fighter pilots should be encour-aged to perform more on-land neck muscle strengthening exercises and improve their head-positioning techniques during flight.

关 键 词：颈肌强度 飞行员 负荷 耐力 航空动力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]