2006-2009年苏州地区儿童急性呼吸道感染人类偏肺病毒感染的流行特点及与气候因素的相关性研究  

Characteristics of human metapneumovirus respiratory tract infection in children and the relationship between the infection and meteorological conditions

作　　者：王宇清[1] 季伟[1] 陈正荣[1] 严永东[1] 郭红波[1] 储矗[1] 刘静[1] 丁云芳[2] 邵雪君[2] 徐俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院呼吸科,215003 [2]苏州大学附属儿童医院检验科,215003

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2011年第3期214-217,共4页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：苏州社会发展科技计划项目（SS0702）

摘　　要：目的 探讨苏州地区儿童急性呼吸道人类偏肺病毒感染的流行特点及与气候因素的关系.方法 对2006-2009年因呼吸道感染而住院的6655例儿童应用逆转录PCR（RT-PCR）方法检测人类偏肺病毒（hMPV）,同时采用直接免疫荧光法,检测呼吸道分泌物中呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒（A、B）、副流感病毒（Ⅰ～Ⅲ）和腺病毒;同时收集2006-2009年苏州地区月平均气温、月平均湿度、月总雨量、月总日照、月平均风速等有关气象资料,采用直线回归和逐步回归法研究各病毒活性与气候因素的相关性.结果 2006-2009年苏州地区病毒总检出率为32.2%（2142/6599）,其中hMPV检出率为8.9%（596/6655）,RSV检出率（15.7%）高于hMPV检出率,流感病毒、副流感病毒和腺病毒检出率均低于hMPV检出率.2006-2009年hMPV年度检出率分别为8.2%（135/1646）,8.1%（137/1682）,12.7%（184/1444）,7.4%（140/1883）,差异有统计学意义（x2=33.23,P＜0.05）.hMPV四季检出率分别为11.6%、7.6%、4.7%和11.7%,冬春季的检出率高于夏秋季（x2=74.67,P＜0.001）.hMPV检出率与月平均气温之间为中度相关（r=-0.43）,与月平均雨量（r=-0.29）、月平均相对湿度（r=-0.27）、月平均日照时间（r=-0.11）、月平均风速（r=-0.13）为低度相关.结论 hMPV是引起苏州地区儿童呼吸道感染第二位的病毒病原,流行季节为冬春季,气候因素尤其是气温和雨量对hMPV的流行可能有影响.Objective To study the epidemiology of human metapneumovirus （hMPV） infection in children and its relations with meteorological conditions in Suzhou. Method Samples obtained from 6655 children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections （ARIs） during the period from 2006 to 2009,were tested for virus pathogens. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from the children according to a standard protocol and were tested for respiratory syncytial virus （ RSV）, influenza viruses （IFV） A and B,parainfluenza virus （PIV） types 1,2, and 3 and adenovirus （ADV） with direct immunofluorescence assay.Samples were tested for hMPV with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）.Meteorological conditions including mean temperature, relative humidity, rainfall amount, sum of sunshine and mean wind velocity were collected monthly. The relationship between activity of the virus and meteorological conditions was analyzed by linear regression and stepwise regression analysis. Result Viral pathogens were identified in 32. 2% of 6655 specimens. The positive rate of hMPV was 8.9%, RSV was 15.7%, IFV, PIV and ADV detection rates were less than that of hMPV. The annual positive rate of hMPV from 2006 to 2009 was 8.2%, 8. 1%, 12.7%, 7.4% respectively（x2 =33.23, P＜0.05）. The hMPV positive rate of the four seasons was 11.6% , 7.6%, 4. 7% and 11.7%, respectively, detection rate in winter and spring was significantly higher than those in summer and autumn（ x2 = 74. 67, P ＜ 0. 001 ）. The positive rate of hMPV and the monthly mean temperature was moderately correlated （ r = - 0. 43 ）, and the monthly average rainfall （ r = - 0. 29 ）, monthly mean relative humidity （ r = - 0. 27 ）, monthly average sunshine duration （ r = - 0. 11 ）, the monthly average wind speed （ r = - 0. 13 ） had low correlations.Conclusion hMPV was the sceond most common viral pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection in children in Suzhou, which prevailed predominantly in the winter and spring

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 人类偏肺病毒 气候 儿童 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]