不耦合装药爆炸波分离及衰减规律的试验研究  

Experimental study on separation and attenuation of blast wave with air decoupling charge

作　　者：赵建平[1] 徐国元[2] 黄戡[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510640 [3]湖南省交通规划勘察设计院,湖南长沙410008 [4]中南大学土木建筑学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期482-489,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部博士点新教师基金资助项目(200805331148);中南大学前沿研究计划项目(2010QZZD001);博士后科学基金资助项目(20090461021);西部交通建设科技项目(20033179802)

摘　　要：通过混凝土中爆炸试验,实测不耦合装药系数K为2.0,2.5,3.0和3.5时,距爆源中心距离R在8~16 cm范围内的爆炸波径向动应变信号和爆后混凝土损伤变量D分布;将爆炸波分离为爆炸冲击波区、应力波区及爆生气体膨胀作用区,并就各分离区的应力峰值σmax、加卸载应变率峰值εmax、质点运动速度峰值umax与K和R之间的关系进行研究。研究结果表明：爆炸冲击波σmax为752~1 720 MPa,umax为95.9~184.0 m/s,作用时间约3μs,加卸载应变率ε以（4.85~10.00）×104/s的峰值呈周期变化,σmax,εmax和u max随K和R的增大而减小;应力波作用形式以压、拉应力为主,加卸载应变率ε和质点运动速度u在2.6~3.8μs内近似呈周期变化,σmax,εmax和u max随K和R变化复杂,且在损伤边界显著增大;爆生气体膨胀作用区以持续的拉或压应力为主,也在损伤边界显著增大,ε和u近似为0,作用时间约17μs,σmax随K的增大基本不变。Dynamic strain signals of blast wave action and damage variable D distribution were tested in the range of 8-16 cm from central blast when air decoupling charge coefficient K is 2.0,2.5,3.0 and 3.5,and blast waves were recognized and divided into three subareas,i.e.,shock wave area,stress wave area and detonation gas action area.The relationships among the peak value stress σmax,the peak value strain rate and the peak value particle velocity umax of every zone with K and the distance R from borehole to measuring point were studied.The results show that σmax,and umax of the shock wave are 752-1 720 MPa,（4.85-10.00）×104/s and 95.9-184.0 m/s,respectively.The lasting time of the shock wave is about 3 μs and σmax,and decrease with the increase of K and R.The stress of stress wave shows the form of tensile and compressive stress and the lasting time is 2.6-3.8 μs.,and of stress wave vary complicatedly with K and R and increase notably in the damage border.The detonation gas shows the form of lasting tensile stress or compressive stress and also increases notably in the damage border.The lasting time is about 17 s,and and u are approximately 0.σmax varies with the increase of K whose magnitude is very small.

关 键 词：空气不耦合装药 爆炸波 分离 损伤 爆破机理 

分 类 号：TU435[建筑科学—岩土工程]