黄土高原草地植被与土壤固碳量研究  

Grassland Vegetation and Soil Carbon Sequestration in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：程积民[1,2] 程杰[2] 杨晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2011年第3期401-411,共11页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家重点实验室基金(10502-Z8)资助项目;中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-441;KZCX2-YW-149);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2007CB106803);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730631)

摘　　要：在黄土高原自东南向西北,采用样带多点调查与定位监测相结合的研究方法,系统分析了不同草地类型封禁初期和封禁11 a草地生物量与固碳量变化特征。结果表明:4种草地类型地上活体植物、凋落物/地下活体根系和土壤中碳密度与碳储量分布规律均为森林草原>梁塬典型草原>丘陵典型草原>荒漠草原;草地封禁11 a,地上活体植物、凋落物0、～100 cm活体根系和土壤中碳密度总量,森林草原类型为63.38～97.65 t.hm-2,梁塬典型草原类型为49.04～68.80t.hm-2,丘陵典型草原类型为52.33～62.11 t.hm-2,荒漠草原类型为11.93～19.62 t.hm-2;碳储量4种草地类型分别为230.287 7 Tg C、332.306 7 Tg C、484.055 5 Tg C和113.856 3 Tg C;黄土高原草地总固碳量为573.10 Tg C,其中:活体植物为42.89 Tg C,占总固碳量的7.48%;凋落物为80.40 Tg C,占14.03%;活体根系为108.66 Tg C,占18.96%;土壤为341.15 Tg C,占59.53%。这充分表明,封禁不仅能使草地植被快速恢复和生物量增加,而且也是提高草地固碳潜力的一条重要途径。The features of biomass and carbon sequestration were studied based on multi-point transect survey and combined with positioning monitoring methods for different type of grasslands from southeast to northwest in the Loess Plateau.The data were obtained for the pre-and post-11-year fencing.Results showed that carbon density and storage were decreased from southeast to northwest with an exponentially trend among four-type grasslands.In each type of grassland（aboveground living plants,litter/underground of soil root and soil）,the characteristics of distribution of carbon density and storage presented a tendency： forest steppe〉plateau steppe〉hilly steppe〉desert steppe.Grassland carbon density and storage,which included living plants,litter,0-100cm depth of soil root and soil,were 63.38-97.65t·hm^-2 and 230.2877 Tg C for forest steppe,49.04-68.80 t·hm^-2 and 332.3067 Tg C for plateau steppe,52.33-62.11 t·hm^-2 and 484.0555 Tg C for hilly steppe and 11.93-19.62t·hm^-2and 113.8563 Tg C for desert steppe respectively,after 11-year fencing.The total carbon sequestration of grasslands was 573.10 Tg C after 11-year fencing on the Loess Plateau.Among which,living plant was 42.89 Tg C（7.48% of the total carbon sequestration）,litter was 80.40 Tg C（14.03%）,living root was 108.66 Tg C（18.96%）,and soil was 341.15 Tg C（59.53%）.In conclusion,our results demonstrated that grassland fencing can not only restore vegetation and increase biomass,but can also significantly improve grassland carbon sequestration potential.

关 键 词：黄土高原 天然草地 固碳量 碳密度 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]