点击化学最新进展  

Advances in Click Chemistry

作　　者：邱素艳 高森 林振宇[1] 陈国南[1] 

机构地区：[1]食品安全分析与检测教育部重点实验室福建省食品安全分析与检测技术重点实验室福州大学化学化工学院,福州350002

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第4期637-648,共12页Progress in Chemistry

摘　　要：点击化学(click chemistry)是由2001年诺贝尔化学奖获得者美国化学家Sharpless首次提出。最主要的一类点击化学反应是Cu(Ⅰ)化合物催化叠氮化合物与炔基化合物反应生成1,2,3-三唑五元环化合物,它能够将两种不同物质通过五元环共价结合起来。该方法具备产量高、效率高、副反应少、反应条件温和、分离提纯简单、环境污染小等优点,因此得到了广泛的应用。目前点击化学的发展极为迅速,涉及到了各个领域,特别是在功能聚合物、表面修饰、生物大分子、DNAs,生物与化学传感器等方面取得了瞩目的成就。本文论述了点击化学反应的基本概念、特点及优势,对近几年点击化学的发展状况,以及一些最新研究成果作一简要概述,并展望了点击化学的发展前景。Click chemistry, a new molecular approach proposed by Sharpless and co-workers in 2001, is the most practical and reliable chemical reactions to connect a diversity of structures. The Cu （ I ） catalyzed azide- alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is one of the most common reactions in click chemistry, which has high yield, good efficiency, and high purity. In addition, this click reaction is essentially inert to most biological molecules, oxygen, water, and tolerant of a wide range of solvents, pH values and temperatures, and allows mild reaction conditions. This click reaction also has excellent selectivity in chemical synthesis. Owing to the fact that the azide and alkyne groups are facile introduced in the structure of molecules and form a stable 1,2,3-trizoles via click reaction, it has been widely applied in syntheses of functional polymers and biomacromolecules, surfaces modification, functionalization of DNAs and carbon nanotubes, and it has been also widely used for fabrication of biological or chemical sensors. In recent years, the cells and viruses have been modified by using click chemistry, while it doesn＇t damage the cells and viruses, and still keep their good biological activity. In this review, the basic principle, characteristics and advantages of click chemistry are described, the recent progress and some important research results in click chemistry are then introduced, and finally, the advances of click chemistry are prospected.

关 键 词：点击化学 功能聚合物 生物大分子 表面修饰 化学生物传感器 

分 类 号：O621.25[理学—有机化学] O626.26[理学—化学]