不同用量无机底肥对果蔗产量和品质影响的研究(二)  

A Research Report on the Effect of Different Application Rate of Inorganic Base Fertilizer to Yield and Quality of Garden Cane (Part Ⅱ)

作　　者：谭显平[1] 周英明[1] 陈政[1] 王果[1] 张军[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省植物工程研究院,四川资中641200

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2011年第1期11-19,共9页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：四川省"十一五"科技攻关项目"突破性杂交玉米新组合选育"课题"甘蔗优良新品种选育"专题资助

摘　　要：研究结果表明:施300 kg/hm2无机底肥能使果蔗出苗率提高,有效茎增加,植株明显增高,茎径明显增大,单株重显著增重,甘蔗产量显著增加,蔗茎变得泡脆,商品性状变好,工艺性状提高,抗性几乎无影响,并且其成本最低,增产最多,效益最高,故可作为果蔗生产上无机底肥首选的用量;施600 kg/hm2无机底肥能使果蔗株高、茎径及有效茎明显增加,产量显著增加,商品性状多有改善,工艺性状多有提高,出苗率略有提高,分蘖稍有增加,抗性无明显不利影响,其成本第2,效益第2,故可作为果蔗生产上无机底肥第2选择用量;施900 kg/hm2无机底肥使果蔗分蘖率增加,植株增高,茎径增大,单株重增重,有效茎增多,甘蔗产量显著增加,工艺性状部分有所改善,但其出苗率降低,商品性状多数变差,又其成本第3,效益第3,故果蔗生产上不宜采用此无机底肥用量;1200 kg/hm2无机底肥能使果蔗株高增高,有效茎明显增加,甘蔗产量增加明显,分蘖略有增加,茎径略有增大,但出苗率明显降低,商品性状多数变差,工艺性状最差,又其成本最高,效益最低,故果蔗生产上不可采用此无机底肥用量。Result of the research indicated that inorganic base fertilizer of 300 kg/hm2 promoted the rate of emergence, plant height, diameter, stalk weight and numbers of millable stalks. The yield was increased outstandingly; the stalk became softer than that without inorganic basefertilizer. Commercial characters and technological characters turned better, and it had almost no effect to resistance. Fertilization cost of this application rate was the lowest but the yield and the economic effect was the best and therefore might be the first choise in garden cane production. Application rate of 600 kg/hm2 promoted obviously the height, diameter and stalk numbers. The yield was increased notably; the emergency rate and tillering rate was slightly better. Technological and commercial characters were slightly improved and there was no noticeable harmful effect to resistance. The cost and the economic effectiveness were secondary, and it might be second best choice in the production. Application rate of 900 kg/hm2 promoted the rate of tillering, height, diameter, stalk weight and stalk numbers. The yield was increased remarkably. It ameliorated technological characters. But it reduced rate of emergence and worsened most commercial characters. The cost and the effect were 3rd, and therefore should not be used for the production. Application rate of 1200 kg/hm2 increased the height, numbers and yield. It slightly improved the tillering and stalk diameter, but it reduced obviously the rate of emergence, most technological and commercial characters. The cost was the highest but the effect was the lowest, so this application rate should not be emplyed in the production.

关 键 词：无机底肥 用量 农艺性状 商品性状 工艺性状 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]