菊花营养性状杂种优势表现与主基因+多基因混合遗传分析  

Heterosis and Major Gene Plus Polygene Mixed Genetic Analysis for Vegetative Traits in Chrysanthemum

作　　者：张飞[1,2] 陈发棣[1] 房伟民[1] 陈素梅[1] 李风童[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]浙江省农业科学院花卉研究开发中心,杭州311202

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第2期46-52,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871724);农业部"948"滚动项目(2008-G3);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903020)

摘　　要：以匍匐性地被菊‘雨花落英’为母本,直立型盆栽菊‘奥运含笑’为父本杂交获得F1杂种,调查该F1群体的株高、冠幅和叶片等8个营养性状在2008—2009年2个年度的表型资料,运用单个分离世代的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析方法,对这8个营养性状分别进行遗传分析。结果表明:8个营养性状在F1群体广泛分离,变异系数为11.54%～41.89%;杂种优势和超亲分离现象普遍存在,除叶宽外,其他7个性状的中亲优势值均达极显著水平。混合遗传分析表明:菊花株高、叶长和叶宽3个性状符合A-0模型,无主基因控制;冠幅符合A-2模型,主基因表现为加性,主基因遗传率为78.61%;株高/冠幅比、叶长/宽比和花颈长度3个性状表现为有2对主基因控制的B-2模型,主基因表现为加性-显性,其遗传率分别为40.33%,45.19%和99.56%;节间长度符合A-4模型,主基因表现为负向完全显性,主基因遗传率为51.46%。这些主基因的存在将为菊花优良营养性状QTL定位和分子标记辅助育种的深入研究奠定理论基础。Vegetable traits are a major target of genetic improvement on chrysanthemum（Dendranthema morifolium） cultivars.Heterosis and genetic analysis of vegetative traits such as plant height,plant crown,and leaf type will provide a very important guidance for chrysanthemum breeding program.In this study,genetic analysis was carried out for eight vegetative traits of chrysanthemum based on phenotypic data collected in 2008-2009 from 142 plants of a F1 population derived from the crossing between creeping ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivar ＇Yuhualuoying＇（female parent） and erect potted chrysanthemum ＇Aoyunhanxiao＇（male parent） by using single generation segregation analysis method of major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model.The result indicated that the 8 vegetative traits were widely segregated in F1 population with coefficient of variation（CV） ranging from 11.54% to 41.89%.The phenomena of heterosis and extraparent segregation existed generally in F1 pogeny.Compared with mid-parent value（MPV）,the heterosis value of midparent（Hm） of the 8 investigated vegetative traits,except leaf width,showed a significant difference（P = 0.01）.The mixed genetic analysis suggested that plant height,leaf length and width were fitted to A-0 model and no major gene was detected;plant crown was fitted to A-2 model with an additive effect,and the heritability of major gene was 78.61% ;the ratio of plant height to crown,the raito of leaf length to width,and length of flower neck accorded with B-2 model with an additive-dominant effect and their major gene heritability was 40.33%,45.19% and 99.56%,respectively.The internode length fitted A-4 model with a negative complete dominant effect with major gene heritability of 51.46%.Detection of these major genes controlling the vegetative traits would provide a theoretical basis for the further study of QTL analysis and molecular marker assisted breeding program for elite vegetative traits in chrysanthemum.

关 键 词：菊花 营养观赏性状 杂种优势 主基因+多基因 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学] S682.1