中国林蛙蝌蚪和大蟾蜍蝌蚪对不同渗透压的耐受性  

Comparison of osmotic endurance of the Chinese forest frog and the common Chinese toad tadpoles

作　　者：刘莹[1] 王立志[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西广播电视大学,西安710068 [2]陕西教育学院生命科学系,西安710061

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2011年第1期64-67,63,共5页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：陕西省教育厅自然科学基金项目(07J182)

摘　　要：研究了中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)蝌蚪和大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)蝌蚪对不同渗透压溶液的耐受性和对体液渗透压的调节能力。结果显示,不同的渗透压溶液中两种蝌蚪的存活率都随时间的延长而降低,中国林蛙蝌蚪的存活率显著大于蟾蜍蝌蚪(P<0.001)。两种蝌蚪体积随时间的延长而减少,在渗透压为494.48 mOsm的溶液中,中国林蛙蝌蚪体积缩小速度显著小于蟾蜍蝌蚪(P<0.001),即中国林蛙蝌蚪调节体液渗透压的能力明显强于蟾蜍蝌蚪。大蟾蜍蝌蚪对失水的耐受能力大于中国林蛙蝌蚪。不同渗透压溶液中两种蝌蚪的活泼性都随时间的延长而降低,中国林蛙蝌蚪的活泼性显著大于蟾蜍蝌蚪(P<0.001)。中国林蛙蝌蚪抵抗环境渗透压变化的能力大于蟾蜍蝌蚪,蟾蜍蝌蚪对失水的耐受能力大于中国林蛙蝌蚪。Osmotic endurance of the Chinese forest frog（Rana chensinensis） tadpoles and the common Chinese toad（Bufo gargarizans） tadpoles were measured and compared in this article.The results showed that the survival rate of the tadpoles decreased with time,and the survival rates of the tadpoles of the Chinese forest frog was significantly higher than the common Chinese toad tadpoles（P0.001）.The body volume in both species decreased with time increasing.In the osmotic pressure for the solution of 494.48 mOsm,the decreasing rate of body volume of the common Chinese toad was significantly faster than the Chinese forest frog（P0.001）.The Chinese forest frog tadpoles had a stronger ability in regulating the osmotic pressure of body fluid than the common Chinese toad tadpoles,while the ability of the latter in enduring the higher osmotic pressure was stronger than the former.The activity of the tadpoles of both species decreased with time increasing,and the Chinese forest frog tadpole was significantly more active than the common Chinese toad tadpole（P0.001）.The ability of the Chinese forest frog in enduring higher environmental osmotic pressure was stronger than the common Chinese toad,whereas,the ability of the common Chinese toad in enduring water loss was stronger than the Chinese forest frog.

关 键 词：中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis) 大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans) 蝌蚪 渗透压 耐受性 

分 类 号：S966.3[农业科学—水产养殖] Q491.5[农业科学—水产科学]