女性青少年特发性脊柱侧凸支具治疗效果和影响因素评估  

Bracing treatment for girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis： clinical outcomes and predictive factors

作　　者：孙旭[1] 王斌[1] 邱勇[1] 朱泽章[1] 朱锋[1] 俞杨[1] 钱邦平[1] 马薇薇[1] 刘臻[1] 毛赛虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院骨科,210008

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2011年第3期201-206,共6页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：目的 评估女性青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS）患者支具治疗效果及影响因素.方法 2003年7月至2009年7月,完成支具治疗或因侧凸进展而行手术治疗的女性AIS患者142例,初诊时平均年龄为（13.1±1.5）岁,平均主弯Cobb角29.6°±5.4°,平均Risser征为（2.0±1.5）级.定义侧凸畸形进展为末次随访Cobb角大于初诊6°以上或治疗期间建议行矫形手术（Cobb 角＞45°）,其余为非进展.根据侧凸进展或需手术治疗的比率来评估支具治疗效果.运用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析探讨影响支具治疗效果的因素.结果 平均支具治疗时间为（2.5±1.0）年.按照侧凸进展的定义,进展组为27例（19%）,非进展组115例（81%）;手术组病例18例（13%）,因支具治疗而避免手术病例124例（87%）.卡方检验发现侧凸进展组和手术组中以初诊年龄10.0～12.9岁、月经初潮未至、Risser征0～1级、初诊Cobb角＞30°以及胸弯型居多.Logistic回归分析发现月经初潮未至（P=0.000）和胸弯型（P=0.012）是支具治疗后侧凸进展的独立预测因素,而初诊Cobb角＞30°（P=0.022）是支具治疗期间因侧凸进展而需手术治疗的另一独立预测因素.结论 支具治疗可有效控制多数AIS患者的侧凸进展,而生长发育状态、侧凸严重程度和侧凸类型是影响支具疗效的重要因素.Objective To analyze the outcomes of bracing treatment for girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis （AIS）, and to investigate the predictive factors of the protocol. Methods This study included 142 girls with AIS who finished standardized bracing treatment from July 2003 to July 2009. These patients had a mean age of 13.1±1.5 years, a mean main curve of 29.60±5.4°, and a mean Risser grade of 2.0±1.5 before bracing treatment. Curve progression was defined that Cobb angle was greater than 6° compared to bracing initiation or was aggravated to more than 45° （indicative for surgery）. The outcomes of bracing treatment were assessed based on the ratio of curves of progression or indicative for surgery. Chi-square and Logistic regression Analyses were performed to investigate the predictive factors of bracing treatment. Results The duration of bracing treatment averaged 2.5±1.0 years. Twenty-seven girls with curve progression （19%） and 115 girls （81%） with non-progression were found. Final curve which was greater than 45° was found in 18 girls （13%） who need a correction surgery, the remaining 124 girls （87%） had completed bracing treatment and avoided surgery. Chi-square analyses revealed that curve progression were more common in younger girls with lower Risser grade, with initial larger Cobb angle and with a main thoracic curve pattern. Logistic regression analyses found that premenarchal status and a main thoracic curve pattern were the independent risk factors of curve progression despite bracing. While initial Cobb angle which was greater than 30° Was the additional independent risk factor of progression requiring surgery. Conclusion Bracing treatment could effectively prevent curve progression in most girls with AIS. The degree of growth maturity, the pattern and grade of curve are the influencing factor for bracing treatment.

关 键 词：女(雌)性 青少年 脊柱侧凸 矫形外科器材 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学]