基于多频约束和解析灵敏度法的大型振动筛优化设计  

Optimal design of large vibrating screen based on multiple frequencies constraints and analytical sensitivity methods

作　　者：贺孝梅[1] 刘初升[2] 张成勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学艺术与设计学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期664-670,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50774084);中国矿业大学青年科研基金资助项目(2009A059)

摘　　要：为解决大型振动筛工作过程中侧板动应力过高易损坏的问题,采用多频约束和解析灵敏度法对振动筛侧板加强筋的结构尺寸进行优化研究。在优化过程中,以振动筛侧板的质量为目标函数,以多个频率作为优化的状态参数,给出适合多频约束的优化准则,并考虑变量参数的解析灵敏度特性。研究结果表明:嵌入解析灵敏度计算方法的优化程序计算效率高,优化结果稳定;优化后侧板质量降低8.27%,2阶弹性变形频率分别提高1.37%和2.97%,达到较好的优化效果;对结构优化后振动筛进行评估,其质量降低2.35%,与工作频率比较接近的3阶弹性变形模态频率分别提高14.17%,12.29%和23.01%;优化后振动筛的固有频率得到提高,模态频率远离激振电机的工作频率,提高了振动筛的刚度和结构的可靠性。Multiple frequencies constraints and analytical sensitivity methods were used in structural optimization design of stiffeners on the side plate of vibrating screen to lower the damage of side plate causing by high dynamic stress when the large vibrating screen works.The mass of side plate of vibrating screen was taken as object function,multiple frequencies were regarded as state parameters and an optimization criterion which is applicable to solve this kind of problem was given.Meanwhile,sensitivity characteristics of variable parameters were considered during the process of optimization.The results show that the optimization program with embedded analytical sensitivity calculation methods is of a higher solving precision and a more stable calculating process.After structure optimization,the mass of side plate is reduced by 8.27% and two elastic deformation frequencies are increased by 1.37% and 2.97%,respectively,and a better optimization effect is achieved.The analysis of the optimal vibrating screen presents that the mass of vibrating screen decreases by 2.35% and three elastic deformation frequencies which are close to the working frequency increase by 14.17%,12.29% and 23.01%,respectively.The natural frequencies of vibrating screen are improved and modal frequency is far from working frequency of the exciting motor and thus the structural stiffness and reliability of vibrating screen is enhanced.

关 键 词：多频约束 解析灵敏度 大型振动筛 优化设计 

分 类 号：TD402[矿业工程—矿山机电]