不同施肥处理对春玉米氮素累积特性的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization on Nitrogen Accumulation Characteristics of Spring Maize

作　　者：战秀梅[1] 邹殿博[1] 韩晓日[1] 刘宁[1] 程飞 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/农业部东北土壤与环境重点开放实验室,沈阳110866 [2]辽宁省辽阳县农业技术推广中心,辽宁辽阳111200

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2010年第5期545-549,共5页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(200803030);国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD95B01)

摘　　要：采用田间小区试验研究了不同氮、磷、钾肥用量对春玉米氮素的累积特性的影响。结果表明:不同氮磷钾肥用量下春玉米氮素累积规律符合指数方程Y=ae-b/t。在N、P2O5、K2O用量分别为240,225,240kg·hm-2条件下(N2、P2、K2处理),春玉米的产量达到13725.5kg·hm-2,氮素累积总量达到3.504g·plant-1,均极显著高于其他各处理;氮素最大吸收速率最大,达到54.0mg·d-1.plant-1,且其出现时间较早;各处理中,以N2、P2、K2处理的氮素转运量最大,为1.477g·plant-1,而且转运的氮素营养占籽粒养分的比例最高,为73.04%。因此适宜的肥料用量不仅能有效地促进氮素的吸收、累积,而且能够提高氮素在籽粒中的分配比例,从而有利于高产的形成。A field trial was conducted to study nitrogen accumulation characteristics of spring maize under deferent N,P and K application rates.The results indicated that N accumulation pattern could be described by exponential equation.Under N,P2O5 and K2O application rates were 240,225 and 240kg·hm-2（treatments N2,P2,K2）,the yield was 13725.5 kg·hm-2.N accumulation amount of spring maize was 3.504g.plant-1,the highest among all the treatments.The highest N nutrient absorption rate（HNAR） of N2 was 54.0 mg·day-1.plant-1,higher than the other treatments,and the time of HNAR in maize was earlier than the others.The transferred amounts of N was 1.477 g·plant-1 under the treatments of N2,P2 and K2,and the ratio in grains was 73.04%,the highest among all the treatments.Fitting N,P2O5 and K2O application rate not only stimulated the absorption and accumulation of N nutrient effectively,but also increased the ratio of N nutrient in grains,therefore the high yield of spring maize could be achieved.

关 键 词：春玉米 氮磷钾肥用量 氮素累积 氮素再转运 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]