钢铁企业的战略导向与产业的发展模式:基于战略群组的研究  

Steel Companies' Strategic Orientation and Industry Development Mode

作　　者：吴利华[1] 闫焱[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2011年第4期39-43,共5页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国产业安全链重构:突破跨国‘链主’纵向控制的理论和对策研究"(08BJY081);教育部人文社会科学基金项目"全球制造网络下我国装备制造业产业周期;战略群组与企业生存研究--基于合作共生视角"(10YJA630168)

摘　　要：以2007年钢铁行业非上市企业为样本,首先以企业的创新导向、营销导向和生产导向为竞争行为变量,借助FCM聚类方法划分战略群组;其次,运用单因素方差分析法检验群组间的盈利水平差异并分析差异产生的原因。研究结果表明:我国钢铁产业战略群组特征明显,绝大多数钢铁企业为营销导向型,其次是介于中间型,创新导向型和生产导向型企业则居少数;企业战略导向对经营绩效有显著影响,创新导向型战略群组盈利能力最强,其次是生产导向型、介于中间型战略群组,营销导向型战略群组盈利能力最差;战略群组的移动壁垒是维持群组利润差异的重要因素,而钢铁产业高投入、低产出、低效益发展模式与产业中企业数量占绝大多数的营销导向型战略群组的生产方式有关。Employing the 2007 data of Chinese non-listed steel companies as a sample, this paper firstly used the innovation orientation, marketing orientation and production orientation as strategic orientation variables, dividing the strategic groups by FCM clustering method. Secondly, the study applied the ANOVA method to investigate the profitability difference and the origins among groups. Results show that different strategic groups in Chinese iron and steel industry have obvious characteristic. Most of the enterprises are market-oriented, innovation and production oriented companies have the least number, the intermediate are in-between. The enterprise strategic orientation has important effect on operation performance. Innovation-based companies tend to have the best profitability, followed by the production-oriented type, intermediate groups; and marketing groups tend to be the worst profit ones. The mobile barriers of strategic groups are the dominant factor in determining the profitability difference among groups. Therefore, the high input and low output, low efficiency features of Chinese steel industry development mode are relevant with the production way of marketing orientation firms in strategic groups.

关 键 词：战略导向 战略群组 盈利能力 FCM聚类方法 

分 类 号：F203[经济管理—国民经济]