应用Tier Ⅰ Eco-Risk Calculator模型评估二嗪磷对鸟类的风险  

Risk assessment of diazinon to birds using the Tier Ⅰ Eco-Risk Calculator model

作　　者：韩志华[1] 程燕[1] 周军英[1] 单正军[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《农药学学报》2011年第2期209-212,共4页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：环保公益行业科研专项(200709039)

摘　　要：在室内急性毒性试验的基础上,应用Tier I Eco-Risk Calculator模型对50%二嗪磷乳油对日本鹌鹑的生态风险进行了评价。50%二嗪磷乳油的经口毒性LD50值为每1 kg体重4.61 mg;经食毒性LC50值为每1 kg饲料120.0 mg。模型预测结果表明:直接经口暴露时,50%二嗪磷乳油对鹌鹑具有急性高风险;经食暴露时,其对鹌鹑产生急性风险的可能性也较高。因此,应禁止在鸟类保护区或其临近地区使用二嗪磷,在不影响药效的基础上尽可能减少使用量,改变剂型或使用方法等,以降低二嗪磷对鸟类的风险。Tier I Eco-Risk Calculator was used to predict the risks of diazinon 500 EC to Japanese Quail（Coturnix japonica） basing on the results of in-door acute toxicity tests.The acute toxicity tests showed that the oral LD50 of diazinon 500 EC to C.japonica is 4.61 mg per 1 kg body weight,and the dietary LC50 of diazinon 500 EC to C.japonica is 120 mg per 1 kg diet.The output of model showed that,for seed treatment,diazinon posed a highly acute risk to birds by oral exposure.For application of spray on crops,by the dietary exposure,the risk of diazinon to birds was also high.Therefore,mitigation measures were discussed in order to reduce its risk to birds.And the adoptable measures include：prohibit from applying in or near the Birds Nature Reserves;reduce the application rate,change the formulation or using method were proposed under the condition of not influencing the efficacy.

关 键 词：二嗪磷 鸟类 风险评价 Tier I Eco-Risk CALCULATOR 模型 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]