2008年陕西省渭南市地方性氟中毒监测分析  

SURVEILLANCE ANALYSIS ON ENDEMIC FLUOROSIS IN WEINAN IN 2008

作　　者：李广德[1] 侯兴佑 张新桂[1] 钱惠兰 张梅[1] 郭世红[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省渭南市疾病预防控制中心,渭南714000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第7期1211-1213,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2007)

摘　　要：[目的]了解渭南市地方性氟中毒病情流行现状和防治措施落实情况,为有效控制提供科学依据。[方法]对改水和未改水地氟病病区按水氟含量(水氟﹥1.0mg/L为轻、﹥2.1mg/L为中、﹥4.1mg/L为重病区)分层抽样,开展饮用水含氟量检测,8～12岁儿童氟斑牙和儿童尿氟检测,16岁以上成人临床氟骨症和氟骨症X线拍片检查。[结果]大荔、蒲城、合阳3县13个乡(镇)30处(村),140份水样的检测结果的算术平均值为3.00mg/L;8～12岁儿童即时尿样480份,尿氟几何均值为(2.60±2.38)mg/L;8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为51.78%(785/1516);16岁以上成人临床氟骨症检出率为27.60%(5105/18498)、X线检出率为60.22%(109/181)。[结论]改水和未改水病区的水氟含量全部超标,氟中毒危害依然存在,应尽快落实降氟改水工程,规范管理,加强维护。[Objective]To understand the epidemic situation and the fulfillment of control measures of endemic fluorosis in Weinan city in order to provide scientific basis for controlling it effectively.[Methods]Water samples were collected according to the fluoride content in water which was divided into three levels（the slight level was above 1.0mg/l,the medium level above 2.1 mg/L,and the heavy level above 4.1mg/L）from the area before and after improving water quality.The detection of contents of water fluoride,dental fluorosis and urine fluoride in children aged 8-12years old,clinical and X-ray skeletal fluorosis in adult over 16 years old were conducted.[Results]We sampled from thirty villages of thirteen towns in the counties of Dali,Pucheng and Heyang.The arithmetic mean value of the fluoride content in water of 140 samples was 3.00mg/L.The arithmetic mean value of the fluoride content in urine of 480 children aged 8-12 years old was 2.60±2.38mg/L;The detectable rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 years old was 51.78%（785/1 516）;Skeletal fluorosis of adults aged above 16 years was 27.60%（5 105/18 498）.The rate detected by X-ray was 60.22%（109/181）.[Conclusion]The content of water fluoride sampled from the villages with improved-water and unimproved-water exceeds standard.The fluorosis damage still exists,so the defluoride project should be fulfilled as soon as possible and need standardized management and enhanced maintenance.

关 键 词：氟化物中毒 水 氟中毒 牙 氟骨症 

分 类 号：K599[历史地理—历史学]