4个小麦农家品种对条锈菌成株抗性遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis on the Adult Plant Resistance of Wheat Landraces to Puccinian striiformis

作　　者：郄彦敏[1] 蔺瑞明[1] 冯晶[1] 徐世昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2010年第6期673-676,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(30700521);国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(30821140351)

摘　　要：小麦条锈病是影响中国小麦生产安全的最重要病害之一,由于小麦条锈菌新小种不断产生并流行,使生产中已推广应用的品种变为感病品种而被淘汰,给小麦抗病育种工作造成很大的压力。中国小麦农家品种具有丰富的遗传多样性,包括成株抗条锈病基因。成株抗性作为持久抗性重要组成部分,加强对成株抗性的利用,对培育持久抗性或非小种特异抗性品种至关重要。成株抗性遗传分析能为成株抗病基因的分子标记筛选及其转育利用奠定基础。通过对4个成株抗性农家品种与感病品种Taichung29杂交,构建F2遗传群体,并用小种CRY32在田间进行接种鉴定,分析其抗病基因的组成及遗传特点。结果表明:3个农家品种换香头(3)、白麦(1-3)和白麦(2-1)成株抗性均为单个隐性遗传基因控制,另1个品种红茧儿麦成株抗性由1对显性基因和2对隐性基因互补作用控制。在所分析的4个成株抗性品种中,其抗条锈性多数受隐性遗传基因控制。隐性遗传方式可能对小麦抗条锈病性持久化具有重要意义,也是维持其抗性较稳定的一种重要机制。Wheat yellow rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in China.Because the new races of Puccinia striiformis develop continually and become epidemically widespread,some wheat varieties used in production have got susceptible to it.Great pressure on the wheat breeding programs has been formed.There are more genetic diversities among the Chinese wheat landrace varieties,containing adult plant resistance genes.As a part of plant durable resistance,application of adult plant resistance is more important for durable resistance or non-race specific resistance variety breeding.Genetic analysis of adult plant resistance is a key research work for the marker selection and practical use in breeding of the adult plant resistance genes.In this study,four adult plant resistance varieties were crossed with the susceptible parent Taichung29 to construct F2 genetic populations and the plants of F2 generation were inoculated with CRY32 in field.Based on the genetic statistics,the components and genetic characteristics of the adult plant resistance varieties were analyzed.The adult plant resistance of three landraces Huanxiangtou（3）,Baimai（1-3） and Baimai（2-1） were controlled by one recessive gene,and controlled by one dominant gene and two recessive complementary ones that of was.Among the four adult plant resistant landraces analyzed in this study,the resistance to yellow rust was controlled by recessive genes completely or partially.The recessive genetic model may be crucial to keep durable resistance,and is an important mechanism to maintain stable resistance of wheat landraces to yellow rust.

关 键 词：小麦农家品种 条锈病 成株抗性 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]