美国白蛾越冬蛹主要寄生性天敌的研究  

Parasitoids and Mortality of the Overwintering Pupal Stage of Hyphantria cunea(Drury)

作　　者：王一[1] 郭芳琴[1] 许哲[1] 陈晓[1] 李凯[1] 肖雨峰[1] 孙守慧[1] 祁金玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2010年第6期686-689,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家农业成果转化资金项目(2007GB2B000059)

摘　　要：美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea Drury)是国际性重大检疫害虫,为了弄清其野外自然越冬与生物致死因子的关系,采用野外大量采集和室内培养的方法,重点研究了美国白蛾越冬蛹的主要寄生性天敌昆虫种类、雌雄性比、寄生率和死亡情况。结果表明:辽宁省沈阳和兴城地区美国白蛾主要寄生性天敌有5种,分别为舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂(Coccygomimus disparis)、日本追寄蝇(Exoristajaponica)、白蛾周氏啮小蜂(Chouioia cunea)、康刺腹寄蝇(Compsilura concinnata)和白蛾派姬小蜂(Pediobius elasmi),其平均寄生率分别为5.88%、3.65%、2.60%、2.06%和1.84%。美国白蛾越冬蛹的主要寄生性天敌日本追寄蝇的性比为1∶1,其他雌性比例均大于雄性,其中舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂的性比为4.57∶1,康刺腹寄蝇的性比为3∶1,白蛾周氏啮小蜂的性比为46.38∶1,白蛾派姬小蜂的性比为1.32∶1。美国白蛾室内饲养的越冬蛹表现为真菌类死亡症状的占37.31%,细菌类死亡症状的占38.08%,美国白蛾的越冬蛹平均死亡率为93.23%,在京桃树下越冬的白蛾蛹死亡率(100%)和天敌昆虫的总寄生率(32.0%)最高,柳树下白蛾蛹死亡率(88.55%)和杨树下天敌昆虫寄生率(9.78%)都相对较低。本研究初步摸清了美国白蛾野外越冬蛹的死亡率和天敌的控制情况,为保护和利用本地自然天敌提供了依据。Hyphantria cunea is an important international quarantine pest.The main parasitoids species,sex ratio,parasitc rate and death status of the overwintering pupae for Hyphantria cunea were investigated in order to find out relationship between mortality of overwintering pupae and biological factors through collecting a large number and incubation methods.It was found that there were 5 parasitoids species including Coccygomimus disparis,Exorista japonica,Chouioia cunea,Compsilura concinnata and Pediobius elasmi in Liaoning Province,and their average parasitism rate was 5.88%,3.65%,2.60%,2.06% and 1.84%,respectively.The sex ratio was 1：1 for Exorista japonica,and other main parasitoids had more females with sex ratio of 4.57：1 for Coccygomimus disparis,3：1 for Compsilura concinnata,46.38：1 for Chouioia cunea and 1.32：1 for Pediobius elasmi,respectively.Overwintering pupae of cultured Hyphantria cunea showed that the death quantity with fungal symptoms accounted for 37.31% and that with bacterial symptoms was 38.08%.The average mortality for overwintering pupae of Hyphantria cunea was 93.23%.Compared with pupae mortality rate（88.55%） and total parasitic insect rate（9.78.0%） under host tree of Salix sp.,the pupae mortality rate（100%） and total parasitic insect rate（32.0%） were highest under host tree of Prunus sp.The overwintering pupae mortality of Hyphantria cunea and control situation of natural enemies provided theoretical basis and reference for protection and use of local natural enemies.

关 键 词：美国白蛾蛹 性比 寄生性天敌 越冬死亡率 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]