餐厨废弃物作堆肥对盆栽番茄产量及品质影响  

Effect of Food Waste Compost on Tomato Yield and Quality

作　　者：杨丽娟[1,2] 李天来[2] 储慧霞[1] 王艳[1] 杨黾[1] 李忠元[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866 [2]沈阳农业大学辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳110866

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2010年第6期721-724,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅A类项目(2009A635)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验以常规量化肥(CF)、不施肥(CK)为对照,研究了餐厨废弃物(FW)、鸡粪(CM)、猪粪(PM)、马粪(HM)、牛粪(BM)等有机肥对番茄生长发育、产量及果实品质的影响。结果表明:餐厨废弃物促进番茄植株生长发育的效果优于其他有机肥处理。餐厨废弃物、猪粪、牛粪、马粪、化肥、鸡粪、对照各处理番茄的产量分别为863.6 g.pot-1,825.0 g.pot-1,816.3 g.pot-1,766.9 g.pot-1,672.0 g.pot-1,659.1 g.pot-1,616.7 g.pot-1。番茄地上部分生物量变化次序为餐厨废弃物>猪粪>牛粪>马粪>鸡粪>化肥>对照。餐厨废弃物处理番茄Vc、可溶性糖含量显著高于其他处理,Vc含量分别比牛粪、猪粪、鸡粪、化肥、对照处理提高7.0%、10.0%、14.4%、14.8%和18.2%;可溶性糖含量分别比猪粪、鸡粪、化肥、对照处理提高9.7%、11.6%、19.3%和60.0%;餐厨废弃物处理番茄糖酸比为7.73,显著高于其他处理。因此,餐厨废弃物能促进番茄生长发育,提高番茄产量与品质,在蔬菜生产中可以作堆肥替代部分化肥与其他动物性有机肥,具有广泛应用前景。In this paper,effects of different organic manures such as food waste compost,chicken manure,pig manure,horse manure,bull manure and chemical fertilizers on tomato growing development,yield and fruit quality were studied in pot experiment.The results showed that organic manure could promote the growth and development of tomato,in which plant height,stem diameter and fruit diameter were higher in food waste compost treatments than other treatments.Tomato yields were 863.60 g·pot-1,824.99 g·pot-1 816.25 g·pot-1,766.93 g·pot-1,672.01 g·pot-1,659.08 g·pot-1,616.73 g·pot-1 in food waste compost,pig manure,bull manure,horse manure,chemical fertilizer,chicken manure and control treatment,respectively.The aboveground biomass in food waste compost disposal was the highest,which fresh weight and dry weight were 353.24 g·pot-1,45.83 g·pot-1,respectively,and the order was reduced with pig manure,bull manure,horse manure,chicken manure,chemical fertilizer and control treatment.The highest contents of Vc and soluble sugar of tomato were obtained in food waste compost treatment.The sugar/acid of tomato with 7.73 in food waste compost treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments.In vegetable cultivation,it could be an alternative to chemical fertilizer and other animal manure to promote soil nutrient for tomato growth.

关 键 词：餐厨废弃物 有机肥 番茄 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]