抗生素对柞蚕蛹期软化病3个病原菌菌株的抑菌试验  

Antibacterial Experiment of Antibiotics for Three Pathogenic Strains Causing Antheraea pernyi Pupal Disease

作　　者：程瑞春[1,2] 崔建国[1] 王洪魁[1] 高国平[1] 孙守慧[1] 祁金玉[1] 王月[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866 [2]赤峰市林业科学研究所,内蒙古赤峰024006

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2010年第6期732-735,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科学技术部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2007GB2B000059)

摘　　要：以柞蚕[Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville(Lepidoptera:Saturniidae)]蛹为替代寄主繁殖白蛾周氏啮小蜂[Chouioia cuneaYang(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)]技术在我国美国白蛾[Hyphantria cunea(Drury)(Lepidoptera:Arctiidae)]生物防治中发挥了重要作用。利用柞蚕蛹繁殖白蛾周氏啮小蜂时,蚕蛹健康对繁蜂数量和质量至关重要,而软化病是导致繁蜂失败的一种常见病害。为了保证蚕蛹健康、降低病原细菌对繁蜂的不良影响。本研究利用抗生素对繁蜂时常见的黏质沙雷氏菌[Serratia marcescens Bizio(Enterobacteriales:Enterobacteriaceae)]C1、C2和C3菌株进行体外抑菌试验和体内抑菌试验。结果表明,筛选出杀菌效果好的抗生素种类及使用浓度为卡那霉素10U.mL-1、庆大霉素200U.mL-1或链霉素2.0×104U.mL-1;对蚕蛹体内注射上述种类和浓度的抗生素(每个蛹内注射0.1mL)后接蜂,小蜂的生存几率增加,其寄生成功率分别提高69.16%、36.95%和69.24%。可见,即使采用效果最好的抗生素注射预防,仍有大约30%蚕蛹因发生细菌病害而使小蜂败育。Chouioia cunea Yang（Hymenoptera： Eulophidae） mass reared with the pupae of Chinese tussah,Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville（Lepidoptera： Saturniidae）,has been playing an important role in the biological control of the fall webworm,Hyphantria cunea（Drury）（Lepidoptera： Arctiidae） in China.Health of each pupa of the host is very important to ensure the quality and quantity of the parasitoid offspring.Bacteria are the most common pathogen causing reproductive wasps to die.In order to improve health of tussah pupae and to reduce the adverse effect of pathogenic bacteria on rearing of C.cunea,antibacterial experiments in vitro and in vivo were carried out with 5 common antibiotics on 3 common pathogenic bacteria,i.e.Serratia marcescens Bizio（Enterobacteriales： Enterobacteriaceae） C1,C2 and C3.Three antibiotics and their suitable concentration were determined： kanamycin 10 U·mL-1,gentamicin 200 U·mL-1 and stremptomycin 2.0 × 104 U·mL-1.If the above antibiotics with 0.1 mL dosage were injected into the pupae before parasitism,the wasps had more chances to survive and its successful parasitic rate could be improved by 69.16%,36.95% and 69.24%,respectively.Even the best method was used,the wasps died of bacterial disease in about 30% of tussah pupae,so the bacterial diseases can not be cured completely with the proposed techniques.

关 键 词：柞蚕 白蛾周氏啮小蜂 细菌性软化病 黏质沙雷氏菌 抗生素 抑菌试验 

分 类 号：S238[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S274.2[农业科学—农业工程]