短花针茅荒漠草原地下生物量对不同强度放牧的响应  

RESPONSE OF UNDERGROUND BIOMASS TO DIFFERENT GRAZING INTENSITIES IN THE Stipa breviflora DESERT STEPPE

作　　者：孙熙麟[1] 王明玖[1] 陈海军[1] 陈丽丽[1] 娜乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期101-104,共4页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2007CB106805)

摘　　要：在内蒙古短花针茅荒漠草原上,采用野外随机取样与室内分离相结合的方法,于2009年5月对连续8a不同强度放牧(分为轻度、中度、重度和无牧)条件下围栏草地地下生物量(包括活根和死根)进行了测定,并探讨了荒漠草原地下生物量变化与放牧强度之间的关系。结果表明,荒漠草原地下生物量总量总体上随着放牧强度的增加而下降,在无牧、轻度、中度和重度放牧条件下分别为965.6 g.m-2、874.0 g.m-2、701.9g.m-2和785.8 g.m-2,其中无牧和中牧之间具有显著差异(p<0.05),其他处理间差异不显著(p>0.05)。由于植被类型和结构发生改变,造成重度放牧地下生物量高于中度放牧处理。各放牧条件下,活生物量与死生物量所占总生物量比例不同,其中活生物量所占比例在轻度放牧处理下最高,为19.49%,无牧条件下最低,仅为12.86%。不同放牧强度下地下生物量主要分布在表层0cm～30cm,占总量的80%以上,各层生物量随取样深度的增加而递减,呈"T"型分布。从地下生物量积累角度考虑,放牧从一定程度上促进了植物根系的生长,表现为放牧处理间的地下活生物量所占比例均高于无牧。After eight years grazing treatment,the underground biomass including dead and living biomass under different grazing intensities（i.e.non-grazing,light grazing,moderate grazing and heave grazing,simplified as CK,LG,MG and HG）were measured with the method of random field sampling and laboratory separation in Inner Mongolia Stipa breviflora desert steppe in May 2009.The relationship between underground biomass and grazing intensity was discussed.The results showed that grazing influenced the underground biomass obviously,and the underground biomass decreased with the increasing of stocking rate.The underground biomass were 965.6 g·m-2,874.0 g·m-2,701.9g·m-2 and 785.8 g·m-2 in CK,LG,MG and HG respectively.In which CK underground biomass was significantly higher than MG.The underground biomass in HG was higher than that in MG because of the increase of Artemisia frigida in HG.Living underground biomass proportion of MG was the highest,it occupied 19.49% of total underground biomass,and that was lowest in CK（12.86%）.The underground biomass mainly distributed in 0–30cm top soil（more than 80%）.The distribution pattern of the underground biomass was like a letter ＂T＂.To some extent,the growth of vegetation roots was promoted by grazing.It meant that the underground biomass under grazing were higher than that in CK.

关 键 词：短花针茅 荒漠草原 放牧强度 地下生物量 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]