数字化控制室信息显示对人因可靠性的影响  

The Effect of Information Display on Human Reliability in a Digital Control Room

作　　者：张力[1,2] 杨大新[2] 王以群[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工学院,衡阳421002 [2]南华大学人因研究所,衡阳42100

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2010年第9期81-85,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(70873040;71071051);岭东核电有限公司科研项目(KR70543)

摘　　要：数字化技术的应用使主控室内信息显示方式发生了重大变化。通过比较分析数字化主控室与传统主控室人机界面中信息显示方面各自的特征,发现人机界面数字化后,巨量信息与有限显示的矛盾非常突出,并伴随产生任务繁重但又是必须的界面管理任务,它们对人因可靠性产生了前所未有的影响,增加了新的人因失误源,可能出现新的人误模式。提出3个新的科学概念,即信息显示率、信息提供率和数据更新率,认为研究这3个概念之间的关系和它们对操纵员认知行为的影响,是解决巨量信息与有限显示矛盾的有效途径。Digital technique significantly changes the information display pattern in a main control room（MCR）.Through a comparison between the respective features of conventional and traditional MCRs,it is found that there exits a big contradiction between massive information and limited display capability.It is also accompanied by a necessary and laborious interface management task.All these exert great influence upon human reliability,which adds to new human error sources and new human error modes.Therefore,three scientific conceptions have been raised,including information display ratio,information presentation ratio and data refreshment ratio.It is considered that research upon the relationship between these three conceptions and their influences on the cognitive behavior of operators is an effective settlement to the contradiction between massive information and limited display capability.

关 键 词：数字化 控制室 人机界面 信息显示 界面管理任务 人因可靠性 

分 类 号：X912.9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]