碳酸盐对密闭空间粉尘爆炸压力影响的试验研究  

Effects of Carbonates on Dust Explosion Pressure in Closed Vessel

作　　者：伍毅[1] 袁旌杰[1] 蒯念生[1] 黄卫星[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,成都610065

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2010年第10期92-96,共5页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为了预防和缓解工业粉尘爆炸并研究惰性粉尘对粉尘爆炸的惰化作用,在Siwek 20 L球形爆炸装置内,针对高爆镁粉和高灰分煤粉,选用碳酸钙(CaCO3)、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)、碳酸氢钾(KHCO3)等3种碳酸盐作为惰化剂,讨论惰化剂浓度、粒径及点火能量对最大爆炸压力的影响。结果表明,惰化剂粒径越小,浓度越高,对粉尘爆炸的惰化作用越强;粉尘爆炸的净升压与点火能量无关,点火头主要起引燃作用;当惰化剂浓度递增至60%时以上,粉尘爆炸压力急剧下降,直至不爆。此外,CaCO3的抑制效果明显优于NaHCO3、KHCO3,故推荐采用CaCO3来控制粉尘爆炸风险。To prevent and mitigate dust explosions in the process industry and investigate the inhibiting effect of inertants on dust explosions,experiments were carried out in the Siwek 20 L vessel.CaCO3,NaHCO3 and KHCO3 were chosen as inertants to add into the high-explosive magnesium dust and the high-ash coal dust.Influences of inertant concentration,inertant particle size and ignition energy were taken into account.Results show that inhibiting effect increases by increasing inertant concentration and decreasing inertant particle size.The net pressure rise is independent of ignition energy and the essential effect of ignitiors is ignition.The explosion pressure rise decreases sharply as the inertant concentration reaches 60% respectively.Moreover,CaCO3 is recommended to suppress the risk in dust explosions because it shows better inhibiting effect than NaHCO3 and KHCO3,therefore.

关 键 词：粉尘爆炸 爆炸压力 惰化剂浓度 粒径 点火能量 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]