川西林盘群落类型及其多样性  

Community Types and the Biodiversity of Farmhouse Forest in Western Sichuan Province

作　　者：孙大江[1] 陈其兵[1] 胡庭兴[2] 刘光立[1] 孙大远[1] 罗启高 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学风景园林学院,四川温江611130 [2]四川农业大学林学院,四川雅安625014 [3]峨边县林业局,四川峨边614300

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2011年第1期22-28,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技厅川西林盘资源保护研究与竹产业链培育工程示范(2009FZ0028)

摘　　要：川西林盘是成都平原与都江堰灌溉水系所形成的集生产、生活、景观于一体的独特复合型居住模式和农耕环境形态,以林为核心组分,以水、宅、田为自然和人工构成要素。在分析川西林盘分布现状的基础上,选取代表性林盘24个,研究其群落类型、群落水平与垂直结构、出现频率等。结果表明,①川西林盘植被可划分为5个植被型组,11个植被型,107个群系;②常绿阔叶林和竹林是川西林盘主要的植被类型,出现频率分别为25%和32%;③川西林盘群落水平结构以单一树种构建的纯林式植物群落居多,表现出物种多样性低,景观单一等特点,如水杉林、雪松林、慈竹林等;④川西林盘群落的垂直结构可划分为单层型和复层型,复层结构以乔木林为主,"灌草"和"单层草"结构出现频率相对较低,仅为4%和3%。常见的群落垂直结构有"乔-灌-草"、"乔-草"和"乔-灌",其中,"乔-草"结构出现频率最高,达38%。As a principal rusticity landscape,the farmhouse forests in western Sichuan province（FFWS） might be defined as a complex habitation mode or farming type that combines production,daily life and landscape.Meanwhile,the core of FFWS is trees and bamboo,and the main inscapes of this landscape are water,houses and fields.24 sample sites were chosen to analyze the foundation of FFWS,and to investigate their community characteristics such as community type,plane and vertical structures etc..The results indicate that ① the plants in FFWS might be classified into 5 groups of vegetation types,11 vegetation types and 107 formations;② the main vegetation types of FFWS are evergreen broad-leaved forests and bamboo stands,and the frequency is 25% and 32%,respectively;③ the plane structure of communities is characterized by the pure plantations,with the low diversity of the plants and monotonous landscape,and the dominant plants are metasequoia（Metasequoia glyptostroboides）,or cedar（Cedrus deodara）,or affinis bamboo（Neosinocalamus Keng f.）;④ the vertical structure of DFWS might be divided into two groups,one is mono-layer type,and the other is multilayer type.Arbor forest is the dominating community of the multilayer type,by contrast,the frequency of shrub-grass and mono-layer grass is lower（4% and 3%,respectively）.The commonly-seen vertical structures of communities are arbor-shrub-grass,arbor-shrub and arbor-grass,among which the arbor-grass shows the highest frequency（38%）.

关 键 词：川西林盘 群落类型 群落结构 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]