喀斯特地区土地利用变化研究——以贵州省为例  

Researches on Karst Area Land Use Change:Taking Guizhou Province for Example

作　　者：李正[1,2] 王军[2] 白中科[1,2] 郭义强[2] 邱杰 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]国土资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035 [3]贵州省土地整理中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2011年第2期143-148,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB38B07)

摘　　要：分析贵州省1996—2008年土地利用变化情况,揭示土地利用变化差异状况及驱动因子。基于贵州省1996—2008年土地利用变更调查数据,利用土地利用结构信息熵和均衡度、土地利用类型年均变化幅度、年均变化率与相对变化率5个指数,分析土地利用变化情况。结果表明:(1)13年间,贵州省土地利用变化主要以耕地和林地的变化为主,土地利用结构变化表现出林地、园地、居民点及工矿用地、水域、交通用地明显增加,耕地、牧草地和未利用地减少。(2)贵州省土地利用结构信息熵和均衡度呈现"上升—下降—上升"的过程,总体呈增长趋势。(3)8类土地利用类型中,园地的区域变化差异较大,牧草地区域变化差异较小;贵州省西部地区的土地利用类型变化较东部地区显著。贵州省土地利用结构变化的主要驱动力是生态退耕政策的实施和经济社会的发展。The purpose of this paper is to analyze land use change in Guizhou Province from 1996 to 2008 in order to reveal its difference and driving factors.Method employed is based on detailed survey data of land use of past years in Guizhou Province,the land use changes are studied,using the information entropy and equilibrium degree of land use structure,annual average change range,change rate and relative change rate of land use index.The results indicated that ：（1）During 1996 and 2008 in Guizhou Province,the main land use changes resulted from the changes of cultivated land and forest land,the land use structures showed that forest land,garden plot,residential areas and industrial and mining land,waters and traffic lands increased significantly,cultivated land,grassland and unutilized land were a decreasing trend.（2）The information entropy and equilibrium degree of land use structure showed a process of ＂increased-decreased-increased＂ and a growing trend in general.（3）The regional differences of garden plot changes was larger among the eight classifications of the land uses,while grassland was less.The land use changes of the western region were more significantly than that of the eastern region.It is conclude that the driving factors of changes in land use structure were ecological de-farming policy and economic society development.The results could provide scientific instructions for making regional land use plan and sustainable land use.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 土地持续利用 区域差异 喀斯特地区 贵州省 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]