运动前肌肉牵拉对纵跳能力影响的比较研究  

Investigation of the effect of preceding muscle stretch on vertical jump ability

作　　者：任继跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范学院体育学院,安徽阜阳236041

出　　处：《阜阳师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期90-94,共5页Journal of Fuyang Normal University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：目的:探索运动前不同方式的肌肉牵拉对纵跳能力的影响,为爆发力项目合理进行准备活动提供参考。方法19名受试者分别于进行20 s×3次静态持续的下肢肌肉牵拉和20次×3组动力性下肢肌肉牵拉后在测力台上分别进行蹲跳和反向移动跳测试;9名受试者作为对照组,在不进行肌肉牵拉的情况下同时进行相同测试,比较其跳跃高度和平均功率。结果:在静态下肢肌肉牵拉后反向移动跳高度下降(p<0.01),蹲跳高度变化不显著;动力性下肢肌肉牵拉后蹲跳高度增加(p<0.05)而反向移动跳高度变化不显著。结论:持续的静态肌肉牵拉有可能增加了肌肉的伸展性,从而使肌肉拉长-缩短工作时对弹性势能的利用减弱,爆发力的发挥受到不利影响;动力性的肌肉牵拉可能对肌肉向心收缩的能力有积极影响。Objective： to investigate the effect of preceding muscle stretch on vertical jump ability to provide consult for the warming-up of the explosive sports.Method：19 subjects carried through static stretch of lower limbs muscle 20 s×3 sets,and dynamic stretch of lower limbs muscle 20rep×3sets respectively,then executed squat jump（SJ） and counter movement jump（CMJ） on the force plate,respectively,and then compared the jump height and average power.Results： the height of CMJ declined significantly（p〈0.01）after static stretch of lower limbs muscle,whereas the height of SJ had not significant change,after dynamic muscle stretch,the height of SJ enhanced significantly（p〈0.05）yet the height of CMJ had not significant change.Conclusion： sustaining static stretch might increase the elasticity of muscle,then lowered the ability of muscle to utilize the elastic potential energy during,thus produced negative effect on the explosive strength,however,dynamic muscle stretch may have positive effect on the concentric contraction.

关 键 词：肌肉牵拉 纵跳 超等长 

分 类 号：G804.63[文化科学—运动人体科学]