新疆南疆盐渍化棉田FA旱地龙施用效果及推荐施用量研究  

Study on FA efficiency and Recommended Amount of FA on Salinization Cotton Field in South Xinjiang Province

作　　者：赵春艳 伊力哈木[2] 张胜江 张明 庄亮 

机构地区：[1]新疆水利水电科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830049 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第1期89-94,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：自治区重大专项"灌区盐渍化土壤改良技术集成与盐土农业建设示范"(200733144-1);水利部公益性项目"新疆地下水资源利用及保护的技术开发与应用"(200801050)

摘　　要：新疆是中国重要的棉粮基地之一,但长期以来土壤盐碱化与次生盐碱化一直是制约农业发展的关键因素之一,如何改良盐碱地一直是研究热点。腐植酸型土壤改良剂FA旱地龙施入低肥力重盐渍化棉田,以改良土壤盐碱以及棉花长势及产量为评价指标,研究其对盐渍化土壤的改良效果,并探讨其合适的施用量。结果表明：（1）FA旱地龙起到蓄水保墒的作用,对FA旱地龙施用量和土壤保水性能做相关性分析表明,二者呈极显著的正相关关系;（2）能够有效降低盐碱,将0~60cm深度土壤盐分控制在0.5ms/cm左右;（3）随着改良剂施用量的增加,棉花株高、茎粗、棉花叶面积和产量均增加。最终从产量、脱盐效果、FA旱地龙投入成本及所获得的经济效益等方面综合分析,确定新疆南疆盐渍化棉田施用FA旱地龙改良剂1500~2950.5kg/hm2之间,均能达到较为理想的保水抑盐以及增产增收的效果。Xinjiang Province is one of the main regions where produce cotton and foodstuff in the country and its agriculture has been markedly affected by soil salinization for a long time, how to ameliorate these lands is a hotspot. Humic acid soil modifier FA was added to test soil for evaluating its effect on amelioration of heavy soda saline-alkali and low fertility cotton field, we measured soil electrical conductance, cotton growth and yield as screening means to study the effect of the FA on the improvement of saline-alkali soil and recommend dosage. Our results showed that： （1） FA Handilong had active effect on the soil moisture. The correlation analysis of application rate of FA and water retention performance of soil indicated that application rate of FA and water retention performance of soil have a positive correlation; （2） FA could reduce the salt contents and control the percentage of soil salt of 0-60 cm about 0.5 ms/cm; （3） Indicators such as plant height stem thickness, leaf area and field of cotton all increased as application rate of FA. Analyzed from yield, desalting effect, FA Handilong input costs and the economic benefit, FA could reduce the salt contents, increase yield, improve soil and enhance effects of water and soil conservation on saling cotton field. Its optimum application dose was in the range of 1500-2950.5 kg/hm 2 .

关 键 词：FA旱地龙 盐渍化棉田 施用量 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]