微生物菌剂与2种耕作方式下冬小麦生育期内土壤酶活性的动态变化  

Dynamics of Soil Enzymes Activities under Two Types of Tillage and Different Microbial Inoculants during Growth of Winter Wheat

作　　者：李小磊[1] 刘文菊[1] 赵全利[1] 耿丽平[1] 张丽娟[1] 刘楠[1] 乔斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第3期20-25,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"粮食丰产科技工程项目"(2006BAD02A08);国家科技部支撑项目(2007BAD87B04);农业部公益性行业计划项目(200803030)

摘　　要：为了解不同耕作方式和微生物菌剂施用下土壤酶活性的动态变化特征,笔者采用田间小区试验,研究了旋耕和深耕方式以及添加不同微生物菌剂条件下,冬小麦生育期内土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和纤维素酶活性的动态变化特征。结果表明,在小麦生育期内,土壤脲酶活性在拔节期明显降低,施入拔节肥后其活性逐渐增强,孕穗期达到高峰;土壤碱性磷酸酶活性则随生育期延长呈逐渐增加的趋势;土壤纤维素酶活性在拔节期达到最低,施入拔节氮肥后其活性呈逐渐增加的趋势;小麦收获期土壤根区3种酶活性均显著高于非根区。旋耕和深耕没有明显影响土壤脲酶和纤维素酶活性,而旋耕显著提高了碱性磷酸酶的活性;施用微生物菌剂对3种土壤酶活性没有产生显著影响。Dynamics of soil enzymes activities （soil urease,alkaline phosphatase,cellulase） were studied under two types of tillage and different microbial inoculants during winter wheat growing periods based on straws returned in a field using the plots experiment.The results showed that during the wheat growth stages,soil urease activity reduced markedly at jointing stage and increased gradually with nitrogen fertilizer applied,even reached the peak at the booting stage.Soil alkaline phosphatase activity increased slightly with increasing of growing stages.Soil cellulase activity was the minimum at jointing stage,while showed the increasing trend for urea application from jointing stage to wheat maturity.Moreover,the soil enzymes activities in rhizosphere were significant higher than those in non-rhizosphere during whole growing stage of winter wheat.Finally,there were no significant differences in soil urease and cellulase activities between the rotary tillage and deep plowing during wheat growth period.However,soil alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased by the rotary tillage.The different microbial inoculants application had no markedly effects on the activities of three soil enzymes.

关 键 词：小麦生育期 微生物菌剂 耕作方式 土壤酶活性 秸秆还田 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学] S341.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]