河北省粗饲料生产力及草食家畜容量  

The Productivity and Carrying Capacity of Roughage for Herbivorous Livestock in Hebei Province

作　　者：徐敏云[1] 曹玉凤[1] 李运起[1] 谢帆[1] 李建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第3期298-302,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系"现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系"(nycytx-38);河北省科技攻关项目"优质肉牛标准化生产技术集成研究"(10220401D)

摘　　要：为了解河北省粗饲料的草食家畜载畜能力和容量,应用2008年河北省统计资料和相关文献的数字,计算了河北省草食家畜的饲养量,并根据粗饲料产量,计算了河北省粗饲料的草食家畜的饲养潜力。结果表明:(1)河北省草食家畜饲养量折合4428万个羊单位,对饲草的需求量折合为鲜草量为8081万t,折合为干草3232万t。(2)河北省总的粗饲料产量折合为9.96×107t干草,总的载畜能力为6124万个羊单位,粗饲料供给总量充足,但饲草供给结构不合理,优质饲草严重短缺,载畜量最大的为农作物秸秆,载畜量为2570万个羊单位,占饲草总供给的41.97%;青贮玉米和人工草地提供的优质饲草载畜量为1180万个羊单位,仅占饲草供给的19.26%。因此,优质饲草不足将是限制草食家畜和畜牧业发展的主要因素,开发利用高产优质高效的人工饲草是饲草产业发展的重点和方向。In order to find out the carrying capacity of roughage for herbivorous livestock in Hebei Province,the amount of herbivorous livestock in Hebei Province was calculated based on statistical data of Hebei Province in 2008 and digital data in related literature.And the carrying capacity of roughage for herbivorous livestock in Hebei Province was estimated and on the basis of the output of the natural grassland,the artificial grassland,the crop straw,the silage maize,the idle farmland,and tree leaf,et al.The results showed that.（1）The amount of herbivorous livestock in Hebei Province was equal to 44.28 million sheep units.The demand for fresh forage was approximately about to 80.81 million tons,which equivalent to 32.32 million tons hay.（2）The total yield of roughage in Hebei was equivalent to 9.96×107 t hay,the carrying capacity of these roughage for herbivorous livestock were about to 61.24 million sheep units.The roughage supply exceeds the total demand of herbivorous livestock.But the supplying structure of roughage was irrational for shortage of high-quality forage.The carrying capacity of crop straw were 25.7 million sheep units,which accounting for 41.97% and had the largest percentage in the supplying structure of roughage.The sum carrying capacity of silage maize and artificial grassland were 11.8 million sheep units,which only accounting for 19.26% in the supplying structure of roughage.Therefore,the main factor that restricted the health development of animal husbandry and herbivorous livestock industry was the lack of high quality forage.The development of high yield,high quality and high benefit of artificial forage would be the focus in the forage industry in Hebei Province.

关 键 词：河北省 草食家畜 粗饲料 优质饲草 树叶 饲养容量 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学] F307.3[农业科学—畜牧学]