黑龙港区小麦玉米农艺节水技术集成模式综合评价及推广建议  

Comprehensive Evaluation and Promotion Suggestion of Wheat/Corn Agronomic Water-saving Technology Integration Model in Heilonggang Region

作　　者：刘晓敏[1,2] 夏来坤[3] 王慧军[4] 

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学经济研究所,石家庄050061 [2]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150040 [3]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,郑州450002 [4]河北省农林科学院,石家庄050051

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第4期268-275,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"灌溉农田作物-技术-区域耦合节水优化模式研究"(2007BAD69B09);2010年河北省社会科学发展研究课题"河北省农业节水技术经济评价与推广建议"(201002019)

摘　　要：黑龙港属华北缺水低平原区,水资源不足是限制该区农业生产发展的主要因素。该区主要种植模式为冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟制,小麦、玉米高产主要靠超采地下水来维持。近年来,随着小麦节水技术的推广应用,粮田产量和水分效率在逐步提高,但节水高产潜力仍然巨大。特别是从周年水资源高效利用出发,建立区域特色的两熟一体化节水高效技术模式,十分必要。运用熵权综合评价法对"黑龙港及鲁北平原区小麦玉米减蒸降耗农艺节水技术集成与示范"项目形成的小麦玉米农艺节水技术集成模式进行评价,筛选出最佳的节水技术模式。得到的结论是:最少水肥投入模式最优,节水省肥模式次优,传统高水肥模式最差。节水省肥是未来发展现代农业的方向。应该进一步提高农户农业节水意识,利用多种手段,促进农户采用小麦玉米节水技术优化模式。Heilonggang water shortage is a major factor to limit the development of agricultural production in this area.The main planting model is winter wheat and summer maize double cropping in this area,wheat/cornyield depends mainly on exploitation of groundwater to maintain.In recent years,with the popularization and application of wheat water-saving techniques,grain yield and water efficiency gradually improved,but wateryield potential is still huge.In particular,it is very necessary starting from the an niversary of the efficient useof water resources,establishment of regional characteristics,water-saving and efficient integration of the two mature technology system.Comprehensive evaluation wheat and corn agronomic water-saving technology integration model were by entropy method.The conclusion was：minimum of water and fertilizer inputs modewas the best,water and fertilizer saving mode is the second-best,traditional of high water and fertilizer modewas the worst.Wheat and corn saving water and fertilizer was the development direction in future,should further raise the awareness of farmers of agricultural water,use various means to promote farmers using water-saving technologies of wheat and corn.

关 键 词：黑龙港区 小麦玉米 农艺节水技术 评价 

分 类 号：F293[经济管理—国民经济]