不同授粉方法对切花菊品种自交及杂交亲和性的影响  

Different Pollination Method on Improving the Self-compatibility and Cross-compatibility in Cut-flower Chrysanthemum

作　　者：祝朋芳[1] 刘娜[1] 周子琪[1] 宋威[1] 毛洪玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第8期114-118,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"主要商品花卉优质高产新品种选育"(2006BAD01A18)

摘　　要：为提高切花菊品种自交及杂交的亲和性,以6个切花菊品种为试材,共采用5种不同的授粉方法,以其中的柱头"Y"型期授粉的方法为对照,比较不同的授粉方法对切花菊品种自交及杂交亲和性的影响。结果表明:柱头"I"型晚期时结合3%NaCl+0.1%硼酸处理的授粉方法对于提高切花菊品种杂交亲和性效果最好;其次是柱头呈"I"型晚期时授粉的方法;柱头"Y"型晚期时结合3%NaCl+0.1%硼酸处理的授粉方法对提高切花菊杂交亲和性的效果不明显;损伤柱头法因杂交组合不同而产生的效果不同。在柱头"Y"型期自交后发现,C030的亲和指数为0.018,其余5个品种自交亲和指数均为0。通过柱头"I"型晚期时结合喷3%NaCl+0.1%硼酸处理的授粉方法,克服了C005的自交不结实的现象。荧光显微镜观察结果表明,杂交后,大量的花粉粒附着在柱头表面,花粉管正常生长,自交则表现为花粉粒附着少,少数花粉管可以萌发,但不能进入柱头。In this experiment,6 cultivars of cut-flower chrysanthemum were employed as experimental materials to study the effects of 5 pollination method on improving the self-compatibility and cross-compatibility in cut flower chrysanthemum.The results indicated： the best was the method of pollinating when the stigmas displayed the late type of‘I’and combined with spraying the 3% NaCl and 0.1% borax solution;the second was pollinating when the stigmas displayed the late type of‘I’;the method of pollinating when the stigmas displayed the late type of‘Y’and combined with spraying the 3% NaCl and 0.1% borax solution had no influence on improving the cross-compatibility;physical method produced the different influence on different cultivars.Pollinating of self-cross when the stigmas displayed the late type of‘Y’,the author can find that the compatible index of C030 was 0.018,and others was 0.Through pollinating when the stigmas displayed the late type of‘I’and combined with spraying the 3% NaCl and 0.1% borax solution,this method overcame the self-incompatibility of C030.According to the observation of fluoroscope,there were many pollens adhesion in the stigmas after pollinating in hybridization.But after self-cross,the author can see a few pollens adhesion and germination,but grew abnormally.

关 键 词：切花菊 自交 杂交 亲和性 荧光观察 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]