蚓粪基质克服西瓜连作障碍的应用效果研究  

Solving Successive Cropping Problems with the Application of Warm Cast Substrates in Watermelon Cultivation

作　　者：柏彦超[1] 周雄飞[1] 赵学辉 薛瑞祥 周桂官[4] 钱晓晴[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院/江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]东台市农业资源开发局,江苏东台224200 [3]东台市蔬菜站,江苏东台224200 [4]东台市蔬菜研究所,江苏东台224200

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第8期212-216,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划"蚓粪对土壤性质影响与植物有益作用机理的研究"(BK2009704);江苏省科技支撑计划资助"灭茬功能性花木基质技术研究与开发"(BE2009378);扬州市扬州大学科技合作基金"蚯蚓消解有机固体废弃物技术推广与应用"(2008-2010);江苏省农业综合开发科技推广项目"功能性基质防治西瓜连作障碍技术的推广应用"(2010KJ-31);南通市级科技计划项目"蚯蚓消解鸡粪生产功能有机肥技术的研究与开发"(AI2009023)

摘　　要：将不同原料按一定配方混合配成育苗基质,采用穴盘育苗与盆栽试验,通过对‘早春红玉’西瓜穴盘育苗的幼苗素质和移栽后的生长状况的观测,探讨蚓粪基质在克服西瓜连作障碍方面的应用效果。结果表明,蚓粪复合基质处理的西瓜早期幼苗株高、茎粗、叶片数、单株干重、壮苗指数等指标均显著高于其他各处理。移栽后期,蚓粪复合基质育苗的植株在克服西瓜连作障碍方面表现明显,2种蚓粪复合基质育苗的植物死亡率仅为27.5%和22.5%,显著低于其他各处理。蚓粪复合基质育苗的植株主蔓长度最长,分别达162.1、171.8cm,显著高于其他各处理。蚓粪基质育苗处理的西瓜中心糖度、边糖度均显著高于其他各处理,其中70%蚓粪基质、90%蚓粪基质处理的西瓜中心糖度分别为13.5%、12.9%,边糖度均为10.3%。In this study,different substrates made of worm casts were used for both plug and pot cultivation of watermelon seedlings.The growth index of seedlings after transplanting were determined,in order to study thee ffects of worm cast substrates on relieving the growth obstacles caused by successive cropping of watermelon.T he melon variety used was＇Zao chun hong yu＇.The results showed that the height and thickness of thes eedlings,as well as the numbers of leaves and healthy of the melon seedling treated with complex worm casts ubstrate were higher than those of non-treated ones.In the later stage of transplanting,when cultivated in twot ypes of worm cast substrates,the seedling had death rates of 27.5% and 22.5% respectively.The longest melonv ines were 162.1 and 171.8 cm,and the thicknesses of melon skin were 4.63 and 4.83 cm.Higher sugar content was detected for the melons.The sugar contents of the melons cultivated using 70% and 90% worm casts ubstrates were 13.5% and 12.9% respectively.The above index was significantly better than those cultivatedi n other substrates.

关 键 词：蚓粪 基质 西瓜 连作障碍 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]