中外条约关系的酝酿及趋向  

The Brewing of Sino-foreign Treaty Relations and Its Tendency

作　　者：李育民[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学哲学与历史文化学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第2期119-133,共15页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"晚清中外条约关系研究"(07BZS033)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中外条约关系是英国为首的西方国家为主导建立起来的,酝酿于鸦片战争之前。英国工业革命兴起后产生的自由主义经济理论,与国际法理论相互交融,对此产生了重要影响。随着东印度公司专利权的取消,更明确地提出了这一要求。其内容,经历了三个阶段的演化,从各个方面完善了这一要求。其方案不仅为第一批中外不平等条约,而且为其后的发展确定了基本方向。其手段,经历了从和平协商到诉诸暴力的过程,律劳卑事件推动英国朝野趋向于用武力建立条约关系。战争叫嚣为其付诸实施作了舆论准备,其中所涉国际法方面的辨白,又为这一行径作了理论准备和所谓"道义"上的支撑。酝酿过程中,英国的作为显示了一种理性与强权相混合的复杂趋向。Sino-foreign Treaty Relations,brewed before the Opium War 1840,which was built mainly by British-led western countries.Economic theory of liberalism which was yielded after the British industrial revolution,which melt with the theory of international law,brought an important effect on its brewing.With the cancellation of East India Company＇s patent rights,the requirement was evidently put forward.The contents,experiencing three stages of evolution,which perfected the requirement from different aspects.The plan determined the basic direction for the first group of sino-foreign unequal treaties and their development afterwards.The measures began with peaceful negotiations and ended with violence.Napier events promoted the British government and the public to establish the treaty relations by force.The clamor of war prepared public opinion for its implementation.Correspondingly,the advocacy related to the international law became a kind of theoretical preparation and so-called moral support for the sake of the act.In the brewing process,what Britain did illustrated a sort of complicated tendency blended by rationality and power.

关 键 词：条约关系 英国 酝酿 趋向 

分 类 号：K20[历史地理—历史学]