稠油中胶质对沥青质分散稳定性的影响研究  

Effect of Resins on Dispersing Ability of Asphaltenes in Crude Oil

作　　者：程亮[1] 叶仲斌[1] 李纪晖[1] 孙晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(西南石油大学),四川成都610500

出　　处：《油田化学》2011年第1期37-44,共8页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金："863"计划海洋领域重点项目"渤海油田聚合物驱提高采收率技术研究"项目子课题"聚合物在线溶解和聚合物驱改善技术研究"(项目编号2007AA090701-3);国家重大专项"海上稠油化学驱油技术"(项目编号2008ZX05024-02)子课题"海上油田早期注聚及聚驱关键配套技术研究"(项目编号2008ZX05024-002-04)

摘　　要：应用XPS、Zata电位分析仪表征了3种稠油沥青质、胶质表面官能团及其溶液ζ电位,通过13C-NMR定量计算了3种胶质的缩合芳环、烷基侧链结构参数,以此探讨了胶质电性质及分子结构参数与沥青质分散稳定性之间的内在联系。结果表明:辽河沥青质因含有质量分数较高的羧酸和钙元素而带负电荷;塔河、渤海沥青质富含镍、钒元素及酸性官能团(-OH和-SH)使其带正电荷;3种胶质因只含酸性官能团(吡咯、-SH和-OH)其表面带正电荷。胶质在沥青质表面的吸附会改变沥青质的ζ电位。由此推断,沥青质/胶质在有机溶剂中所带电荷来自表面金属阳离子的离解和酸、碱性官能团去质子作用。根据胶质对沥青质的稳定情况,带同种电荷的沥青质对胶质形成的电荷库仑排斥力对胶质在其表面的吸附影响并不明显,说明沥青质/胶质间缩合芳环产生的范德华力大于两者间电荷库仑排斥力。胶质分子结构参数是影响沥青质胶体稳定性的主要因素,胶质缩合芳环和烷基侧链结构越多,分散稳定沥青质效果越好。The functional groups on asphaltene/resin surfaces of three kinds of crude oil were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.The ζ potential of asphaltene/resin solutions was measured through Zeta probe instrument.The average molecular parameters of the resins were based on the analysis of ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance data.The interrelationship between the electric property,the average molecular parameters of resins and dispersing stability of asphaltenes was discussed.The results showed that Liaohe asphaltenes contained large amount of carboxyl and calcium and were negatively charged;whereas Tahe/Bohai asphaltenes were rich in nickel,vanadium,and acid groups（such as —OH and —SH） and were positively charged;three resins only contained acid groups（such as pyrrolic,—SH and —OH） were positively charged.The adsorption of resins on asphaltenes changed the zeta potential.It could be concluded that the charge of asphaltenes/resins derived from the dissociation of metal ions and the deprotonation of acid groups or basic groups on surface.According to effect of resins on dispersing ability of asphaltene,electrical repulsive potential of the charge between asphaltenes and resins with the same charge did not exert dramatical effect on the adsorption of resins on asphaltenes.It could be illustrated that intermolecular van der Waals force came from condensed aromatics between asphaltenes and resins was stronger than coulomb interaction.The average molecular parameters of the resins were the main reason of colloidal stability enhancement.The more the numbers of condensed aromatics and aliphatic chains of resins,the more the effect of dispersing ability of asphaltene.

关 键 词：沥青质 胶质 XPS Zata电位 ^13C-NMR 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE832.332