6株土壤拮抗放线菌的初步鉴定及其抗菌活性测定  

Preliminary Identification of Six Antagonistic Actinomycetes in Soil Determination of Its Fungicidal Activities

作　　者：龙建友[1] 夏建荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第7期3997-3999,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广州市教育局项目(08C034);广东省教育厅项目(LYM-08081)

摘　　要：[目的]初步鉴定6株放线菌种类,并测定其发酵产物的抗菌活性。[方法]采用形态学方法鉴定6株放线菌菌株种类,以抑制菌丝生长速率法、孢子萌发法、盆栽和大田试验系统测定6株放线菌菌株发酵产物的杀菌活性。[结果]形态学初步鉴定结果表明,6株菌株属于链霉菌属。生物测定结果表明,500μg/m l的6株放线菌发酵产物,对棉花枯萎病菌的菌丝生长抑制率均在90%以上;对番茄灰霉病菌、烟草赤星病菌、南瓜枯萎病菌的菌丝生长抑制率也在80%以上。其中,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵产物对小麦根腐病菌和玉米弯孢叶斑病菌的孢子萌发抑制率分别为97.8%、98.2%和99.5%、94.6%。盆栽试验结果表明,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵产物对小麦白粉病的保护效果分别为78.8%和87.1%,治疗效果为62.4%和68.5%。田间试验结果表明,GZ-204和GZ-331菌株发酵200倍稀释液对小麦白粉病的防治效果分别达50.5%,69.2%。[结论]研究结果为新型土壤放线菌源农药的研制奠定了基础。[Objective] The paper was to preliminarily identify the species of six strains of actinomycetes,and to determine the fungicidal activities of their fermentation products.[Method] The species of six strains of actinomycetes were identified by morphological method,and the fungicidal activities of the fermentation products of six strains of actinomycetes were systematically determined by series of methods including mycelial growth rate inhibition method,spore germination method,potting and field test.[Result] Morphological identification results showed that six strains belonged to Streptomyces.Biological determination results indicated that the inhibition rates of the fermentation products of six strains of actinomycetes with the concentration of 500 μg/ml against the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Vasinfectum were all greater than 90%;the inhibition rates against the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea Pers.,Alternaria alternate and Fusarium oxysporum were also greater than 80%.The inhibition rates of the fermentation products of GZ-204 and GZ-331 strains against the spore germination of Bipolaris sorokiniana and Cercospora sorghi were 97.8%,98.2%,99.5% and 94.6%,respectively.Potting test showed that the protection effects of the fermentation products of GZ-204 and GZ-331 strains on wheat powdery mildew were 78.8% and 87.1%,and their cure effects were 62.4% and 68.5%,respectively.Field test showed that the control effects of 200 times fermentation liquids of GZ-204 and GZ-331 strains on wheat powdery mildew were 50.5% and 69.2%,respectively.[Conclusion] The research provided the reference for the development of new pesticides with actinomycetes as the resource.

关 键 词：放线菌 筛选 抗菌活性 生物测定 

分 类 号：S482.28[农业科学—农药学]