中国农村非正式社会保障供给研究——基于宗教社会保障功能的分析  

Who Supply the Social Security in China's Rural Areas?——A Study on the Security Function in a Religious Society

作　　者：阮荣平[1] 刘力[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国家发展研究院中国经济研究中心 [2]德国基尔大学农业经济所

出　　处：《管理世界》2011年第4期46-57,187-188,共12页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"促进农村社会全面进步对策研究:我国农村信仰问题与公共事业发展关系研究"(项目编号:08&ZD032);国家自然科学基金"公共物品供给视角下的中国农村居民信仰选择行为理论与实证分析"(项目编号:70973132);中国博士后研究基金项目"城市化与中国农村宗教信仰转型:理论与经验研究"(项目编号:20100480135)资助

摘　　要：在政府、市场等正式社会保障供给主体尚未完全到位的情况下,中国农村的社会保障究竟是由谁来供给的呢?基于全国60村的调查数据,本文研究了农村中一类重要但经常被忽视的非正式组织——宗教——的社会保障功能的存在性及发生机制。研究结果表明,宗教对财产赠与、劳动给与、借贷施与、财产汲取、劳动汲取、借贷接受等具有显著的正向影响,说明宗教社会保障功能的存在;宗教社会保障的组织效应远远大于其信仰效应,说明宗教对社会保障的影响主要是通过组织效应而非信仰效应。这些结果有助于解释中国农村当前正在发生的"宗教热"以及"宗教与政府的替代效应"等现象,同时对遏制极端宗教组织的发展具有较强的政策含义。When there is no the main body of the supply of formal social security such as the government and markets,who on earth supply the social security in China's villages? Based on the data collected in 60 villages in China,we have studied the existence and the mechanism,which is important but which has often been ignored,of this occurrence of the function of the social security of the informal social organization—religion in villages.The results of our study indicate that the religion has obvious impact on the property donation,the giving in labor,the gift in lending,the drawing in property,the drawing in labor,and the reception of lending and borrowing,which shows the existence of the function of the social security of religion,and that the organizational effect of the social security of religion is far greater than that of its faith,which shows that the impact of religion on the social security is made mainly by the organizational effect and not by the effect of faith.These results of our study are contributive to the interpretation of 'the craze for religion' and 'the effect of the substitution of religion for the government',both of which are happening in China's villages.The results of our study have great implications for the suppression of the development of the organizations of ultra-religion.

关 键 词：非正式社会保障 宗教 农村 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]