GF和沙林的家兔整体透皮吸收  

The comparative research on percutaneous absorption of GF and sarin in rabbits

作　　者：刘 星[1] 耿建兵[1] 彭双清[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《军事医学科学院院刊》1999年第3期185-186,189,共3页Bulletin of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的：比较 Ｇ Ｆ 和沙林的家兔整体透皮吸收特点。方法： Ｇ Ｆ 和沙林在家兔皮肤染毒后，于不同时间采血测定全血乙酰胆碱酯酶（ Ａ Ｃｈ Ｅ）活力，用 Ｌｏｇｉｔ 方法算出抑制 ５０％ Ａ Ｃｈ Ｅ 活力所需时间。将 １ ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ 浓度的毒剂，以 ０．５ ｍ ｌ／ｍ ｉｎ 的输液速度静脉途径中毒，不同时间采血测定 Ａ Ｃｈ Ｅ活力，同法算出抑制 ５０％ Ａ Ｃｈ Ｅ 时进入体内的毒剂量。由此推算出毒剂的透皮速率。结果： Ｇ Ｆ和沙林在皮肤的延搁期均在１ ｍ ｉｎ 以内。 Ｇ Ｆ 的透皮速率比沙林快 １ 倍。静脉途径中毒后， Ｇ Ｆ 的抑酶能力比沙林强 １２ 倍。结论： Ｇ Ｆ 和沙林能通过皮肤吸收，具有皮肤延搁期短、抑酶能力强等特点，在实战条件下， 其皮肤防护是一个不容忽视的问题。Objective: To compare percutaneous absorption of GF and sarin in rabbits in vivo. Methods: The whole blood samples from the rabbits were taken for the determination of acetylcholinesterase activity at different times after the initial GF or sarin skin contamination. The time required for IC 50 of acetylcholinesterase inhibition after GF or sarin skin contamination was calculated using the Logit method. In another way, in order to obtain the dose inhibition standard curves, the blood samples from the rabbits were taken for the determination of acetylcholinesterase activity at different times after the initial intravenous drip of 1 mg/L GF or sarin at the velocity of 0.5 ml/min and the amount of the two agents absorbed at IC 50 of acetylcholinesterase was calculated using the same method. Results: The studies showed that the time delay of the two agents through skin was no more than 1 min and the permeating velocity of GF through skin was 2.0 times as fast as that of sarin. The ability of acetylcholinesterase inhibition after intravenous drip of GF was 2.2 times as high as that of sarin. Conclusion: It is necessary in wartime to take measures of skin protection against these two chemical warfare agents due to their percutaneous absorption, short time delay for permeation through skin and strong ability of acetylcholinesterase inhibition.

关 键 词：神经性毒剂 GF 沙林 透皮吸收 胆碱酯酶 

分 类 号：R827.172[医药卫生—临床医学]