冲积平原区高程因子对土壤剖面质地构型的影响--以封丘县为例  

Influence of elevation factor on soil profile texture configuration: a case study of the alluvial plain of Fengqiu County

作　　者：檀满枝[1] 密术晓[1,2] 李开丽[1,2] 陈杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]郑州大学水利与环境学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第8期2060-2067,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701070和40971128);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-02);中国科学院南京土壤研究所创新前沿项目(ISSASIP0716)资助

摘　　要：河流冲积平原区土壤剖面质地构型对土壤水肥保持、供给能力以及水盐运动产生极为重要的影响。区域土壤的六大成土因素中,地形的影响最为突出。分析土壤剖面质地构型的地形影响,对于指导农业生产具有重要的理论与现实意义。应用模糊c-均值算法模型,基于土壤剖面特征质地层厚度数据,得到研究区9种土壤剖面质地构型。对比分析典型区和研究区土壤剖面质地构型的地形影响结果表明:隶属于土壤剖面质地构型砂-砂-砂的隶属度值与高程之间始终存在正相关,说明地形较高部位发育的土壤质地偏砂的规律性始终存在,而从典型区到研究区,其它土壤剖面质地构型、0—60cm土层质地类型、以及表土层、心土层和底土层质地类型受地形影响的规律性减弱。地形较低部位发育的土壤剖面质地构型相对复杂,而地形较高处,发育的土壤剖面质地构型相对简单。土壤剖面质地构型复杂的地区可能更多地受到人为因素的干扰,从而表现出受地形影响的规律性不明显。Profile texture configuration of the soil in alluvial plains is a crucial factor determining soil water and nutrient conserving and supplying capacity and water and salt movement in the soil.Among the six major soil-forming factors in this regional soil,topography stands out to be the most prominent one.Analysis of the influence of topography on soil profile texture configuration is of important theoretical and practical significance to guiding agricultural production.Using the fuzzy c-means algorithm model nine soil profiles different in texture configuration was defined.Based on the data of thicknesses of the characteristic texture layers of nine soil profiles including sandy,loamy and clayey,surface layers,（0-（30±10）cm）,sandy,loamy and clayey center layers（（30±10）cm-（60±10）cm）and sandy,loamy and clayey bottom layers（（60±10）cm-（90±10）cm）,nine types of soil profile texture configuration were identified,i.e.loam-clay-loam,loam-loam-clay,loam-clay-clay,clay-clay-clay,sand-sand-clay,sand-sand-sand,sand-loam-loam,loam-loam-sand and loam-loam-loam,among which loam-loam-loam and sand-sand-sand were the dominant types.As a result of frequent flooding by the Yellow River in history,complex process of sediment deposition,and in addition farming practices and soil amelioration measures,like irrigation,deep plowing and field leveling,soil profile texture configuration varied sharply in distribution at a small spatial scale. Comparison analysis of the influence of landform on soil texture profile configuration in the whole study area and the typical area relatively concentrated with various types of soil profile texture configuration,shows that a positive correlation always exists between membership value of the soil profile texture configuration of the sand-sand-sand type and elevation,suggesting that the law prevails that soils in lands relatively high in elevation tend to be sandy,while the influence of landform on soil profile texture configuration of other types,and soil texture of

关 键 词：封丘县 模糊C-均值 剖面质地构型 高程 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]