孕期弓形虫感染对胎盘的入侵和病理损害的研究  

Tachyzoite Invasion and Pathological Lesion in Placenta during Pregnancy with Toxoplasma gondii Infection

作　　者：赵晋英[1] 黄泽智[1] 李艳伟[1] 侯玉英[2] 王秀虎[1] 何跃华[1] 孙友平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省邵阳医学高等专科学校检验系,邵阳422000 [2]山西医科大学寄生虫学教研室,太原030001

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2010年第12期1384-1386,1417,F0003,共5页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：湖南省科技厅科技计划项目(No.2009FJ3065)

摘　　要：目的探讨孕期弓形虫感染对胎盘的入侵和病理损害情况。方法孕8dBALB/c小鼠经腹腔接种弓形虫速殖子,在孕10、12、14、16和18d剖腹取胎鼠,分离胎盘并精确称重。采用HE染色观察胎盘的病理损害情况,RNA原位杂交检测胎盘组织弓形虫速殖子的动态入侵。结果在孕10、12d,感染组胎盘重量与对照组比较无明显差别。而在孕14、16、18d,感染组的胎盘重量明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。随着感染时间的延长,胎盘组织切片可见有大量淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,绒毛血管减少,显示有炎症表现;滋养层细胞破坏明显,可见凋亡小体形成。感染组小鼠在孕10d未检测到虫体,感染孕12d偶见虫体。孕14、16、18d虫体数目明显增多(P<0.01),虫体主要位于滋养层细胞内、细胞间质和血管中,并有假包囊形成。结论孕期弓形虫感染可影响胎盘生长,胎盘出现炎症反应和凋亡等病理损害。虫体可侵入胎盘组织细胞间质和血管中,并侵入滋养层细胞内增殖,跨越胎盘屏障传播给胎儿。Objective To study tachyzoite invasion and pathological lesion in placenta during pregnancy with Toxoplasma gondii infction.Methods Experimental mice model was created by intraperitoneal injection of tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii on the 8th day of pregnancy.Mice were killed on the 10th,12th,14th,16th and 18th day of pregnancy.All of the placentas were taken out of the uterus and weighed precisely.Hematoxylin and eosin（HE） staining showed pathological change of placenta.Tachyzoite invasion in placent was shown by in situ RNA hybridization.Results There was no significant difference in the weight of placentas between the two groups on the 10th day and 12th day of pregnancy.But the placental weight of the experiment group was significantly lower than that of the control group on the 14～18th day of pregnancy（P0.01）.A inflammatory morphology were shown in placentas of infected with Toxoplasma gondii,including infiltration of lymphocyte,monocyte and eosinophile granulocyte,decreased blood vessel of villus,impaired trophoblastic cell and appearance of apoptotic body.Tachyzoite were seen in placental section of infected group on the 12～18th day of pregnancy but not in the 10th day.The number of tachyzoite increased with time-dependent.Polypide and pseudocyst were mainly located in trophoblastic cell,intercellular substance and blood vessel of placentas.Conclusions Infection with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy induced the decrease of placental weight,inflammatory reaction and apoptosis.Tachyzoite invaded and proliferated in trophoblastic cell,intercellular substance and blood vessel of placentas,eventually penetrated placental barrier and infected the fetus.

关 键 词：刚地弓形虫 胎盘 RNA原位杂交 

分 类 号：R382.5[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]