中国天竺鲷属鱼类的矢耳石形态特征  

Morphologic characteristics of the sagittal otoliths of fishes of the genus Apogon in China's seas

作　　者：叶振江[1] 张弛[1] 王英俊[1] 李震华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋学报》2010年第5期87-92,共6页

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("九七三"计划)(2005CB422306);山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2008D21);国家自然科学基金委员会"创新研究群体科学基金"(40821004)

摘　　要：利用采自我国近海的105尾标本,分析了细条天竺鲷、宽条天竺鲷、黑鳃天竺鲷、黑边天竺鲷、垂带天竺鲷、四线天竺鲷、半线天竺鲷、斑鳍天竺鲷等8种天竺鲷属鱼类的矢耳石形态特征。8种鱼类矢耳石前部均较尖,后部略圆钝,背部呈折线状,腹部呈圆弧形,背部中央有缺刻,听沟宽阔;8种鱼耳石长宽比的比值为1.35～1.63,矩形趋近率为0.67～0.77,充实度为14.77～24.99。以上述三种形态学参数为基础进行聚类分析,可将8种鱼类分为3组:细条天竺鲷、宽条天竺鲷、黑边天竺鲷、黑鳃天竺鲷为一组;垂带天竺鲷、四线天竺鲷、半线天竺鲷为一组;斑鳍天竺鲷为一组。耳石听沟边缘走向、宽度以及耳石外部边缘光滑度等轮廓特征在8种天竺鲷属鱼类间呈显著的种间差异。以这些形态特征为基础,编制了8种天竺鲷属鱼类的检索表,检索表表现的种间分类关系特征与聚类分析结果基本一致。Based on 105 specimens collected in the coastal waters of China,morphological characteristics of the sagittal otoliths were analyzed for the eight species of the genus Apogon（Apogon lineatus,A.siriatus,A.ellioti A.arafurae A.cathetogramma,A.semilineatus A.quadrifaosciatus and A.carinatus）inhabiting China＇s seas.Results show that the sagittae of the eight species is similar in shape,all have narrow anterior part,wide posterior part,zigzag dorsal side and arcuate ventral side with a notch in the middle of the dorsal side,and the sulcus is wide.Otoliths have aspect ratio of 1.35 to 1.63,rectangularity of 0.67 to 0.77 and circularity of 14.77 to 24.99 for eight fishes.The cluster analysis is done based on the above-mentioned three kinds of morphological parameters,and results indicte that eight kinds of fishes were divided into three groups： Apogon lineatus,A.siriatus,A.ellioti and A.arafurae as a group;A.cathetogramma,A.semilineatus and A.quadrifaosciatus as a group;A.carinatus as a group alone.Sagittal shape differs among species,a systemic taxonomy is designed for eight fishes according to the sulcus acusticus shape and otolith form,and results of systemic taxonomy and cluster analysis have shown greater consistency in characteristics of the interspecific relationships.Results indicte that the trend and width of the sulcus acusticus,as well as the smoothness and other characteristics of outer contour are important characteristics of otoliths morphological classification for the genus Apogon,otoliths morphology has a good prospect of application in fish systematics.

关 键 词：天竺鲷属 矢耳石 形态 分类检索 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]